Back to Home11/12/2025, 10:12:53 AM

Yt-dlp: External JavaScript runtime now required for full YouTube support

1088 points
623 comments

Mood

heated

Sentiment

mixed

Category

tech

Key topics

yt-dlp

YouTube

JavaScript

open-source

Debate intensity85/100

The yt-dlp project now requires an external JavaScript runtime for full YouTube support, sparking debate among users about the change.

Snapshot generated from the HN discussion

Discussion Activity

Very active discussion

First comment

2h

Peak period

150

Day 1

Avg / period

53.3

Comment distribution160 data points

Based on 160 loaded comments

Key moments

  1. 01Story posted

    11/12/2025, 10:12:53 AM

    6d ago

    Step 01
  2. 02First comment

    11/12/2025, 12:27:49 PM

    2h after posting

    Step 02
  3. 03Peak activity

    150 comments in Day 1

    Hottest window of the conversation

    Step 03
  4. 04Latest activity

    11/14/2025, 6:52:06 PM

    4d ago

    Step 04

Generating AI Summary...

Analyzing up to 500 comments to identify key contributors and discussion patterns

Discussion (623 comments)
Showing 160 comments of 623
xeonmc
6d ago
9 replies
In ten years time YouTube will be entirely inaccessible from the browser as the iPad kids generation are used to doomscrolling the tablet app and Google feels confident enough to cut off the aging demographic.
andy_ppp
6d ago
6 replies
The YouTube web app is so full of bugs it's almost unusable on a phone.

Comments also disappear regularly on all platforms...

ACCount37
6d ago
2 replies
And the YouTube web interface is full of issues too. For example, livestreams had transient memory leaks for months already, thought to be related to their chat implementation.

In the meanwhile, YouTube spends its effort on measures against yt-dlp, which don't actually stop yt-dlp.

What the fuck is wrong with Google corporate as of late.

hbbio
6d ago
> livestreams had transient memory leaks for months already

maybe it's vibe coded nowadays

mring33621
6d ago
dumb middle management driven by dumb metrics

a very old story...

sussmannbaka
6d ago
2 replies
I can only navigate to a video by long-pressing, copying the URL and pasting it into the URL bar, otherwise I get a meaningless "something went wrong" type error message. Mobile Safari, no content blockers, not logged into a Google account. After almost two decades of making the website worse they finally succeeded in breaking "clicking a video". I wonder what the hotshots at Alphabet manage to break next :o)
Barbing
6d ago
Works dandily here.

Suspicion: they’ve fingerprinted me hard and know I have premium but like to watch occasionally from Safari private (with content blockers) and don’t hassle me.

Mainly suspect this given lack of anti-adblocking symptoms.

dylan604
6d ago
This was happening to me browsing in FF with uBO. It would work as soon as I disabled uBO. I realized uBO needed an update, and it went back to working with uBO active after the update. For a couple of hours I was ready to never use YT again if it meant suffering their obnoxious interruptions with ads.
goku12
6d ago
1 reply
> Comments also disappear regularly on all platforms...

I don't believe that that's a bug. The disappearance depends a lot on the topic of those comments. It's very much deliberate censorship.

kllrnohj
6d ago
1 reply
> It's very much deliberate censorship.

Also known as "moderation"

goku12
6d ago
That 'moderation' is in the same spirit as 'Enhanced Interrogation Techniques' at Guantanamo Bay, 'Administrative Segregation' in US prisons or Russia's 'Special military operations' in Ukraine. Tomayto, tomahto.

Disclaimer: To anybody getting ready to be offended by these references, don't be selectively blind to the word 'spirit' above. If you still can't make it out, I'm obviously referring to euphemisms here and no additional equivalences are implied. Anything else you attribute to my statement reflects your own views and is your own responsibility. It's such a shame that I have to explain such basic facts with a disclaimer that's longer than the comment itself. But the reality is that some people are so sensitive that they insist on imposing their version political correctness to not just implied speech, but also to unimplied speech, language and even thought, while totally disregarding others' cultural perspectives. I leave this here just in case I have to explain my intentions to someone again.

Synaesthesia
6d ago
I only use the web app on my phone (via Firefox). It works well enough and I can play videos in the background and block ads.
RGamma
6d ago
Do you also get looping search results? I've also had it happen to the simple "videos" tab of a channel.
neuroelectron
6d ago
Google is having a hard time conforming to their own javascript standards.
wiseowise
6d ago
2 replies
Pffft, and good riddance, comrade! Just think about native application and native performance, great native animations and native experience (and native ads, of course)! We won't have this god-awful Web (that propelled modern tech world in the first place) anymore, we can finally have personal vendetta against awful JS and DOM. No more interoperability, no more leverage against corpos, just glorious proprietary enclaves where local tyrant can do anything they want!
oblio
6d ago
1 reply
Think of iOS. You can basically use just 1 programming stack on iOS devices: Swift/Objective-C. You can't have JIT except for the JIT approved by the Apple Gods.

The biggest hack to this is React Native, which barged just in due to sheer Javascript and web dominance elsewhere, and even that has a ton of problems. Plus I'm fairly sure that the React Native JS only runs in the JIT approved by the Apple Gods, anyway.

Otherwise, we're stuck in the old days of compiled languages: C/C++ (they can't really get rid of these due to games, and they have tried... Apple generally hates/tolerates games but money is money). Rust works decently from what I hear. Microsoft bought Mono/Xamarin and that also sort of works.

But basically nothing else is at the level of quality and polish - especially in terms of deployment - as desktops, if you want to build an app in say, Python. Or Java. Or Ruby. Or whatever other language in which people write desktop apps.

And we're at a point where mobile computing power is probably 20x that of desktops available in 2007. The only factor that is holding us back is battery life, and that's only because phone manufacturers manufacture demand by pushing for ever slimmer phones. Plus we have tons of very promising battery techs very close to increasing battery capacities by 20-50%.

goku12
6d ago
1 reply
> Plus we have tons of very promising battery techs very close to increasing battery capacities by 20-50%.

Could you elaborate a bit, please? Any links are appreciated.

oblio
6d ago
1 reply
https://www.androidauthority.com/silicon-carbon-batteries-ex...

Silicon Carbon batteries. And others, but this tech is already in production.

goku12
6d ago
Good article. Thanks!
ux266478
6d ago
1 reply
> No more interoperability

> no more leverage against corpos

> just glorious proprietary enclaves where local tyrant can do anything they want!

These are all literally consequences of the web btw, as are things like attestation in consumer hardware.

wiseowise
6d ago
> These are all literally consequences of the web btw, as are things like attestation in consumer hardware.

Totally this, and not because powers suddenly realized they can't control Web like they controlled early "smart" dumb phones circa J2ME times.

BinaryIgor
6d ago
3 replies
It's not YouTube though, but downloader :)

"yt-dlp is a feature-rich command-line audio/video downloader with support for thousands of sites. The project is a fork of youtube-dl based on the now inactive youtube-dlc."

nicce
6d ago
3 replies
I guess the point was that yt-dlp is only possible, because of the mandatory protocols you need in the browser. Moving to native app makes it much easier to prevent downloading and denying access to the unencrypted content.
easton
6d ago
1 reply
I think these days yt-dlp is possible because they're relying on the infra YouTube has for their TV apps, which are html5 (ish) browser apps. so they'd also have to dedicate time to building native apps for every TV in existence, even if youtube.com went away.
freefaler
6d ago
I think that too. When the people refresh their TVs with the newer, more DRM friendly/updated version this channel will meet its end :(
somat
6d ago
1 reply
My understanding is that the original yt-dl used the browser interface. yt-dlp uses the android app interface.
Thorrez
6d ago
>This impacts yt-dlp as we currently request video data from YouTube as if we were YouTube on TV.

https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12563

goku12
6d ago
1 reply
> Moving to native app makes it much easier to prevent downloading and denying access to the unencrypted content.

It would still be possible with native apps. Somebody will have to reverse engineer it continuously. So it will be slower, but still possible.

However, that won't be the case if they start using some secret (like a private key) that you can't access directly from an app, or if they decide that you can't run custom/modified apps. That's what I believe to be the true intentions behind their push to adopt dystopian technologies like secure enclaves and platform attestation. Not really about security as they claim.

nicce
6d ago
> That's what I believe to be the true intentions behind their push to adopt dystopian technologies like secure enclaves and platform attestation. Not really about security as they claim.

Yeah, that is exactly I was thinking.

hu3
6d ago
They know that. yt-dlp uses browser-like access to download.
bluGill
6d ago
Doesn't matter, yt-dlp looks like a browser to youtube. They can put authorization/encryption in an app that can't be done in a webpage. By killing browsers they gain control.
crazygringo
6d ago
4 replies
This is obviously not plausible. They're never going to shut off browser access on people's laptops. Watching YT at work is a major thing.

I have to assume you're joking, but I honestly can't figure out what point you're even trying to make. Do it think it's surprising that an ad-supported site has anti-scraping/anti-downloading mechanisms? YouTube isn't a charity, it's not Wikipedia.

reddalo
6d ago
1 reply
They can't shut off browser access, but they surely can kill all non-Chromium browsers.
crazygringo
6d ago
1 reply
No, they can't. Way too many devices, including televisions, access YT via all sorts of browsers. Not to mention antitrust would be all over that. With their dominant browser share, getting people to switch to Chrome by removing access to YT for Firefox would get multiple governments filing lawsuits ASAP.
mapmeld
6d ago
1 reply
What OS are televisions using to run all of their streaming media apps? It's not iOS.
HeinzStuckeIt
6d ago
Samsung Smart TVs run Tizen.
BolexNOLA
6d ago
1 reply
I don’t think it’s such a wild possibility that more and more jobs will be able to be done with locked down tablets and smart phone while fewer will be done on laptops and desktops. We are already seeing it at the personal level - people are entirely forgoing personal computers and using mobile devices exclusively. The amount isn’t huge (like 10 or 15% in the US IIRC?) but 10 years ago that was unthinkable IMO.

I was reading a study recently that claimed Gen Z is the first generation where tech literacy has actually dropped. And I don’t blame them! When you don’t have to troubleshoot things and most of your technology “just works“ out the box compared to 20 or even 10 years ago, then you just don’t need to know how to work under the hood as much and you don’t need a fully fledged PC. You can simply download an app and generally it will just take care of whatever it is you need with a few more taps. Similar to how I am pretty worthless when it comes to working on a car vs my parents generation could all change their own oil and work on a carburetor (part of this is also technology has gotten more complicated and locked down, including cars, but you get my point).

The point of all this is I could definitely see a world where using a desktop/laptop computer starts becoming a more fringe choice or specific to certain industries. Or perhaps they become strictly “work” tools for heavy lifting while mobile devices are for everything else. In that world many companies will simply go “well over 90% of our users are only using the app and the desktop has become a pain in the ass to support as it continues to trend downwards so…why bother?”

Who knows the future? Some new piece of hardware could come out in 10 years and all of this becomes irrelevant. But I could see a world where devices in our hands are the norm and the large device on the desk becomes more of a thing of the past for a larger percentage of the population.

crazygringo
6d ago
2 replies
Just because the balance shifts doesn't mean the desktop/laptop stops being supported.

Laptops aren't going anywhere. Even if phones and tablets replace them for a third of tasks, or a third of people.

The idea that laptops with browsers would become so rare that YouTube would drop support, within any reasonably predictable future timeframe, is pure fantasy.

BolexNOLA
6d ago
1 reply
>within any reasonably predictable future timeframe

I think given the pace of technological advancement and given how every generation we see at least one major piece of electronics completely wipe out generations of predictions, this statement doesn’t serve a productive purpose other than to make “I don’t agree” sound like some variation of “it’s an objective fact that what you said is impossible.” You’re just spiking the conversation, even if that is not your intention.

I didn’t say this is definitely going to happen. I’m just saying clearly the way we engage with computers is shifting and that means companies will adjust accordingly. It’s not that far fetched.

As for “within any reasonably predictable future timeframe,” for all we know YouTube will become a relic.

crazygringo
6d ago
1 reply
> It’s not that far fetched.

That's what I'm disagreeing with. Your scenario is far-fetched. This isn't between two comparably plausible scenarios. You can look at current objective trends of desktop/laptop sales and see they're not moving such that they're going to meaningfully disappear to the extent where a popular site like YouTube would remove support. It's absolutely far-fetched. I'm not "spiking" any conversation, I'm simply completely disagreeing based on current actual trends.

BolexNOLA
6d ago
I’m not too proud to admit that I am way out on a limb and probably wrong. I’m just kind of musing and thinking out loud about a broader question. I don’t mind you disagreeing, I don’t mind being wrong, but I don’t know man…maybe try and ease off the gas a bit?
Barbing
6d ago
All the ewaste MS generated w/Win11 min requirements… I’m thinking that kinda maneuver. Eh not really but anyways:

A slow dropping of support for those who aren’t using an app or Chrome with some Play(Video) Integrity Extension installed.

astura
6d ago
4 replies
>Watching YT at work is a major thing.

Where are these jobs where I can get paid to watch YouTube?

phantasmish
6d ago
1 reply
Lots of people listen to the audio. It’s like a podcast, or having the radio on, which is fine in lots and lots of jobs.

Some people probably also literally watch it, but I know multiple people who basically use it as a radio at work.

Plus, never worked anywhere where half of everyone, including management, is more-or-less openly watching sports more than working during major tournaments?

crazygringo
6d ago
And nobody's saying you're getting paid to watch YouTube all day. But video links get sent around, and people check out whatever 3 minute video. They watch during lunch. You know how it is.
JimmyBiscuit
6d ago
In small shops youtube is quite a handy source of information. I have to prototype and 3D print lots of stuff.
ux266478
6d ago
I think it would give me a life crisis and I'd feel like a failure of a boss if I learned my otherwise productive employees felt they couldn't watch sloptube the clock. A sysadmin that isn't constantly jacked into nethack is hardly a sysadmin at all. You should really demand more humane working conditions if you feel like you have to micro-optimize your work day.
iggldiggl
6d ago
Working in infrastructure design (specifically railways), cab ride videos are often useful to fill in gaps in as-built plans or the pictures you took on a site visit (you'll always miss out to photograph something that'll be of major interest later), especially in early planning phases. Plus there's the odd software tutorial video here and there, too, of course.
dawnerd
6d ago
Not to mention all of the iframe embeds. I’d argue it’d helped YouTube become the defacto go to platform for corporate videos. Yeah there’s other solutions but the number of corp sites that just toss videos on YouTube is insane.
vachina
6d ago
7 replies
They’d need dedicated hardware to enforce any kind of effective DRM. Encrypted bitstream generated on the fly watchable only on L2 attested device.
fsflover
6d ago
2 replies
Which is why Windows 11 requires TPM.
icpmoles
6d ago
1 reply
DRM protection schemes usually don't rely on TPM, the real magic happens inside your GPU and the monitor.
fsflover
6d ago
1 reply
They can use all available tools at the same time.
gruez
6d ago
1 reply
TPMs existed for at least a decade though.
fsflover
6d ago
They can even be based on free software like in my Librem laptop. This is however not what Microsoft wants.
goku12
6d ago
TPM isn't the only misfeature that makes Windows 11 an abomination. People who don't switch to a respectful platform is in for a lot of pain.
lloeki
6d ago
3 replies
Netflix is already there for 4k streams
KeplerBoy
6d ago
2 replies
And it's an entirely useless effort. No idea how it is done but the internet is full 4k rips.
alex7o
6d ago
4 replies
They find devices that are easy to hack (and I mean rip and tear) and extract the decryption keys from each of them, from what I have heard cheap chinese tvs and set top boxes, they extract the keys from the chips (hardware hacking, heard some even use microscopes to read the keys by hand), and then use them to decrypt streams, I heard that they catch them pretty fast to they use like 1 device per season. This is why they use mostly stollen devices.
13hunteo
6d ago
2 replies
Interesting - do you have any sources to read further?
sodality2
6d ago
You won't find a ton of up-to-date info that would let you do the same - the scene groups hold their methods closely specifically because of this cat-and-mouse game.
47282847
6d ago
Search for widevine decrypt. You’ll find code and forums where at least some L3 (software) keys are publicly shared. For high resolution on some platforms, you need L1 keys, but as far as I understand the decryption process basically stays the same once you have a working key.

Random article: https://www.ismailzai.com/blog/picking-the-widevine-locks

Claimed to be L1 key leaks (probably all blacklisted by now): https://github.com/Mavrick102/WIDEVINE-CDM-L1-Giveaway

gpderetta
6d ago
1 reply
The analog hole is real.
allan_s
6d ago
I was wondering how easy it is

I.e I know that hdmi stream can be encrypted so I guess for Netflix you can't juste have a "hdmi splitter"? Do you need to go as far as plugging yourself just before the lcd pixels ? And if so , is it the moment where its easier to have a high def camera pointed at your lcd screen with post processing?

jcalvinowens
6d ago
2 replies
The really shitty thing is that vulnerable devices get blacklisted en masse, so all legitimate users get stuck with 480p video content on streaming services. The Nexus 5 got this treatment, as I understand it, because it was too easy to extract the keys.
charcircuit
6d ago
1 reply
It provides a good incentive for manufacturers to invest into security for their devices.
jcalvinowens
6d ago
1 reply
No, it provides no incentive at all!

It's the users who suffer when this happens, not the manufacturers. The manufacturers couldn't care less, the money is already in the bank.

If the manufacturers were required to replace all the revoked devices at their cost, that would be a real incentive.

charcircuit
6d ago
Manufactures suffer reputational damage from it. Also keys could be revoked before they finish selling through all of their stock of produced phones.
zelphirkalt
6d ago
1 reply
Not a Netflix user here: Are you saying that paying customers get cut off from higher video quality, that they are possibly paying for, and pressured into buying new devices? That shit should be illegal!
jcalvinowens
6d ago
Yes, that's exactly what happens!
alerighi
6d ago
1 reply
More easily in the past (I don't think if it's still true for 4K) you only needed an HDMI splitter to bypass HDCP copy protection.
jasomill
6d ago
Now you need both a buggy HDCP 1.4 splitter and an HDCP 2.1 to 1.4 converter.
bob1029
6d ago
3 replies
Breaking HDCP is a lot easier than breaking the other things. You don't have to attack the torment nexus directly. This is not the most ideal option but it is information theoretically correct assuming your capture rig is set up properly.
jcalvinowens
6d ago
Yeah. The HDCP1 master key was leaked over a decade ago, it's a joke compared to widevine. Encoding the raw input is very feasible on modern hardware.
piperswe
5d ago
You can only get a WEBRip that way, not a WEBDL, since you'll need to re-encode and introduce some generational loss. The gold standard for streaming piracy is stripping the DRM from the original compressed bitstream, remuxing it to mkv, and uploading that as-is for maximum quality.
charcircuit
6d ago
It would be harder to break HDCP and you wouldn't even get the original compressed media content. It's a worse idea.
sabatonfan
6d ago
I knew of this chrome bug which could allow netflix to be ripped. I had heard it in comments of some section of youtube and I might need to look further into it but its definitely possible.
kelvinjps10
6d ago
It's not as easy as downloading a YouTube video though
oblio
6d ago
2 replies
I guess at that point we could do it the old fashioned way by pointing a camera at the screen. Or, I guess, a more professional approach based on external recording.
devsda
6d ago
3 replies
I might be recalling it wrong,but I remember reading that there was some old hardware that refused to record protected TV/Movies probably a VCR or a DVR.

Camera manufacturers can easily refuse to record a stream of they detect it is protected, may be via watermarks or other sidechannel.

tshaddox
6d ago
1 reply
HDCP is how modern digital displays (and digital display recorders) do it.

You might be thinking of Macrovision, which was integrated in a lot of DVD players and would embed pulses into the vertical blanking interval of the analogy video output. These pulses could be detected by compliant DVD recorders and used to refuse recording. The pulses would also cause playback defects in some older VCRs and TVs.

I remember connecting my first DVD player to an old TV via a VCR (effectively using the VCR as an RF modulator) and being plagued with the image brightness constantly lowering and rising. At the time, I fixed this by switching to a dedicated RF modulator. I now suspect Macrovision is what caused this.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analog_Protection_System

oblio
5d ago
> HDCP is how modern digital displays (and digital display recorders) do it.

But that's inside the system. I'm talking about recording the physical output, i.e. the screen itself. With a controlled environment, known screen characteristics, I would hope that an external recorder + post-processing can create high quality images or video.

jedberg
6d ago
Old VCRs looked for a hidden signal that rental videos put out so you couldn't record them. But it was easy to block with a cheap device that you put in the middle.
piperswe
5d ago
Macrovision worked by outputting signals that were just barely out of spec, such that TVs would be able to correct for the issues just fine but VCRs would constantly lose sync.
ericd
6d ago
Wonder if you could train a neural net to take camera recordings and basically reconstitute the original. For a given setup, the distortions should be pretty consistent.
yard2010
6d ago
5 replies
Can you explain in simple terms what would prevent one from running the decryption programmatically posing as the end client?
Thorrez
6d ago
Here are a couple ideas:

The decryption code could verify that it's only providing decrypted content to an attested-legitimate monitor, using DRM over HDMI (HDCP).

You might try to modify the decryption code to disable the part where it reencrypts the data for the monitor, but it might be heavily obfuscated.

Maybe the decryption key is only provided to a TPM that can attest its legitimacy. Then you would need a hardware vulnerability to crack it.

Maybe the server could provide a datastream that's fed directly to the monitor and decrypted there, without any decryption happening on the computer. Then of course the reverse engineering would target the monitor instead of the code on the computer. The monitor would be a less easily accessible reverse engineering target, and it itself could employ obfuscation and a TPM.

robmccoll
6d ago
Let's say the only devices you can get that will run YouTube are running i/pad/visionOS or Android and that those will only run on controlled hardware and that the hardware will only run signed code. Now let's say the only way to get the YouTube client is though the controlled app stores on those platforms. You can build a chain of trust tied to something like a TPM in the device at one end and signing keys held by Apple or Google at the other that makes it very difficult to get access to the client implementation and the key material and run something like the client in an environment that would allow it to provide convincing evidence that it is a trusted client. As long as you have the hardware and software in your hands, it's probably not impossible, but it can be made just a few steps shy.
GeoAtreides
6d ago
Yes, it's called: Web Environment Integrity + hardware attestation of some kind

> "the technical means through which WEI will accomplish its ends is relatively simple. Before serving a web page, a server can ask a third-party "verification" service to make sure that the user's browsing environment has not been "tampered" with. A translation of the policy's terminology will help us here: this Google-owned server will be asked to make sure that the browser does not deviate in any way from Google's accepted browser configuration" [1]

https://www.fsf.org/blogs/community/web-environment-integrit...

bayindirh
6d ago
Attestation requiring a hardware TPM 2.0 (or higher), and not being able to extract the private key from the TPM on your system.

TPM is Mathematically Secure and you can't extract what's put in. See, Fritz-Chip.

immibis
6d ago
You don't get access to the decryption code nor the keys - both are hardwired in silicon.

We'll eventually be able to reverse-engineer that and run it programmatically, but it will take a long time.

And when they catch you doing so, they'll ban your (personalized) encryption key so you'll just have to buy another graphics card to get another key.

This is how it already works, not some future thing. But the licensing fees make it so it only gets used for Hollywood-level movies.

ticulatedspline
6d ago
1 reply
maybe to stop the .01%. switching to app only, sign in only would get them pretty much all the way there.

They own the os, with sign-in, integrity checks, and the inability to install anything on it Google doesn't want you to install they could make it pretty much impossible to view the videos on a device capable of capturing them for the vast majority of people. Combine that with a generation raised in sandboxes and their content would be safe.

spwa4
6d ago
1 reply
"their" content? This is Youtube.

Of course, the same can be said for FB, Tiktok, instagram, Pintrest, reddit, ... and I'm sure the list keeps going. Frankly, Youtube is pretty damn good about this, really.

doublerabbit
6d ago
No where else to go that pays. They can pay which entices those to stay.

Google owns that monopoly.

gruez
6d ago
1 reply
>They’d need dedicated hardware to enforce any kind of effective DRM.

That's already here. Even random aliexpress tablets support widevine L1 (ie. highest security level)

bpye
6d ago
How often are their keys extracted?
kevincox
6d ago
iOS can already attest to websites that they are running in unmodified Safari. https://developer.apple.com/news/?id=huqjyh7k

I guess that isn't quite enough to prevent screen recording but these devices also support DRM which does this.

Fokamul
6d ago
2 replies
I hope they will do that, yes really.

Because this will mean major shift to open-source and community solution, where creators will be paid directly by their viewers.

I have NO problem, what so ever, to pay content creators directly.

But I have HUGE problem to pay big corpos. It's ridiculous that we pay for Netflix same price as US people and for you it's cheaper than coffee and for us, if you compare median-salary, it's 5-10x MORE expensive. (cancelled every streaming platform year before as all of my friends, cloud seedbox here we go) And I don't even wanna mention Netflix's agenda they want to push (eg.: Witcher)

That's why piracy is so frequent here in small country in EU :) Also it's legal or in grey-area, because nobody enforce it or copyright companies are unable to enforce it if you don't make money from sharing. (yes, you don't even need to use VPN with torrents)

mbac32768
6d ago
I'm sorry but this sounds hollow. Creators are specifically choosing to upload their content to YouTube. They have elected "big corpos" to handle payment for them.

You are not standing up for them by pirating their stuff from YouTube.

If you have a problem with it, it is on you to stop using YouTube to view their content. You did not gain a moral right to pirate their stuff just because you don't like the deal.

latexr
6d ago
> Because this will mean major shift to open-source and community solution, where creators will be paid directly by their viewers.

That’s an unrealistic nerd dream. People haven’t moved off of closed social networks such as Facebook and Instagram, and haven’t flocked to creator-owned platforms such as Nebula. The general public, i.e. the majority of people, will eat whatever Google, Meta, et al feed them. No matter how bad things get, too few people abandon those platforms in favour of something more open.

notepad0x90
6d ago
1 reply
i think a lot of millenials and older gen-z use youtube on browsers. It has more and more alternative competitors too, like bilibili in China.
fragmede
6d ago
Ooh thanks. If the 21st century is going to belong to China, then BiliBili, along with v2ex.com, is gonna need to get added to my doomscrolling itinerary.
BenGosub
6d ago
1 reply
One constant about Google, they always bet on the web.
xandrius
6d ago
Until the profits tells them not to.
butlike
6d ago
They'll never leave money on the table like that. The older demographic are the only ones that can buy things.
reddalo
6d ago
5 replies
I wonder why YouTube doesn't implement full DRM, such as Widevine, at this point.

Is it because it would break compatibility with some devices? Is it too expensive?

(not that I'd like that; I always download videos from YouTube for my personal archive, and I only use 3rd party or modified clients)

haunter
6d ago
They are already experimenting with DRM on all videos in certain clients (like the HTML5 TV one) https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12563

Sooner or later, in the next couple of years, it will happen.

dspillett
6d ago
> Is it because it would break compatibility with some devices?

This is a significant part of it. There are many smart devices that would not be capable of running that sort of software. As those cycle out of the support windows agreed way-back-when then this sort of limitation will be removed.

I'm sure this is not the only consideration, but it is certainly part of the equation.

alerighi
6d ago
I think because it cost money and they get little benefit on doing so.

Major platform like Netflix etc. don't implement that DRM since they care, it's because they content they distribute requires that they employ that measures, otherwise who produces the content doesn't give it to them. Content on YouTube does not have this requirement.

Also: implementing a strict DRM on all videos is probably bad for their reputation. That would restrict the devices that are able to play YouTube, and probably move a lot of content creators on other platforms that does not implement these requirements.

trenchpilgrim
6d ago
Yeah, it's pretty much to support backwards compatibility with old smart TVs and the like. They already enforce stricter rules on new hi-res content, and once those old devices cycle out of service you can expect the support to go away.
Mindwipe
6d ago
It's just an understandable reluctance to insert a bunch of additional dependencies in your playback stack unless you really, really have to.

People underestimate how much engineering Netflix have put in over the years to get it to work seamlessly and without much playback start latency, and replicating that over literally millions of existing videos is pretty non-trivial, as is re-transcoding.

It's not because of older devices - any TV that has got a YouTube app for a decade was required to support Widevine as part of the agreement to get the app, so the tail end of devices you'd cut off would be tiny, and even if they wanted to keep them in use you could probably use the client certificate to authenticate them and disallow general web access. It wouldn't be 100% fullproof but if any open source project used an extracted key you could revoke it quickly.

djoldman
6d ago
2 replies
From

https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/wiki/EJS

it looks like deno is recommended for these reasons:

> Notes

> * Code is run with restricted permissions (e.g, no file system or network access)

> * Supports downloading EJS script dependencies from npm (--remote-components ejs:npm).

arbll
6d ago
4 replies
It's fine for this project since google is probably not in the business of triggering exploits in yt-dlp users but please do not use deno sandboxing as a your main security measure to execute untrusted code. Runtime-level sandboxing is always very weak. Relying on OS-level sandboxing or VMs (firecracker & co) is the right way for this.
baobabKoodaa
6d ago
3 replies
> It's fine for this project since google is probably not in the business of triggering exploits in yt-dlp

yt-dlp supports a huge list of websites other than youtube

blackhaj7
6d ago
2 replies
Is there a full list? I struggled to find one
dcassett
6d ago
1 reply
blackhaj7
4d ago
Thanks!
NoahZuniga
6d ago
1 reply
There's a supportedsites.md file in the base directory of the git repo.
blackhaj7
4d ago
Thanks!
ethmarks
5d ago
But YouTube is the only one that yt-dlp uses Deno for. No other website on yt-dlp's list has put up enough of a fight to merit an external JS runtime; only YouTube.

From the September announcement:

> The JavaScript runtime requirement will only apply to downloading from YouTube. yt-dlp can still be used without it on the other ~thousand sites it supports

arbll
6d ago
I assumed they only use this setup for youtube, that might be wrong
zahlman
6d ago
3 replies
> Runtime-level sandboxing is always very weak. Relying on OS-level sandboxing or VMs (firecracker & co) is the right way for this.

... Isn't the web browser's sandboxing runtime-level?

franga2000
6d ago
2 replies
Yes, and it's only reasonably secure because of years of exploits being found and fixed by some of the best (and very well-funded) software security engineers out there.
NoahZuniga
6d ago
1 reply
Great news! Deno uses the same runtime as chrome, so you benefit from all those found exploits.
arbll
6d ago
While you benefit from the V8 fixes it lacks OS-level sandboxing (see above). Chrome is safe because it stacks security layers. Runtime sandboxing is just one of them and arguably the weakest one.
arbll
6d ago
That's not true. It's secure because they are stacking OS-sandboxing on top, forcing attackers to find a chain of exploits instead of a single issue in V8
arbll
6d ago
It used to be 100% runtime-level and it was the golden age of browser exploits. Each of your tabs are now a separate process that the OS sandboxes. They can only access a specific API over IPC for anything that goes beyond js/rendering (cookie management, etc...). An exploit in V8 today only gives access to this API. A second exploit is needed in this API to escape the sandbox and do anything meaningful on the target system.
ethmarks
5d ago
Yes, but browser sandboxing is an absolute marvel of software design that also cost millions and millions of dollars in developers salaries and CVE bounties to develop. Neither Deno nor yt-dlp have anywhere close to millions of dollars to spend on implementing secure JS sandboxing.
jrochkind1
6d ago
i wonder if it would be legal if they did, as an anti-circumvention counter-measure.
pwdisswordfishy
6d ago
I would not put it past them. And I'm not sure I trust the yt-dlp team to implement sandboxing securely. The codebase is already full of shortcuts that lead to vulnerabilities like file extension injection.

I mean, this gives me pause:

> Both QuickJS and QuickJS-NG do not fully allow executing files from stdin, so yt-dlp will create temporary files for each EJS script execution. This can theoretically lead to time-of-check to time-of-use (TOCTOU) vulnerabilities.

https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/wiki/EJS

TOCTOU from temporary files is a solved problem.

jbreckmckye
6d ago
1 reply
For a long time, yt-dlp worked completely with Python. They implemented a lightweight JavaScript interpreter that could run basic scripts. But as the runtime requirements became more sophisticated it struggled to scale
KingMob
5d ago
As they put it, it was less of an interpreter, and more like 3 regexes in a trench coat.
bilekas
6d ago
2 replies
More and more recently with youtube, they seem to be more and more confrontational with their users, from outright blocking adblockers, which has no bearing on youtube's service, to automatically scraping creators content for AI training and now anything API related. They're very much aware that there is no real competition and so they're taking full advantage of it. At the expense of the 'users experience' but these days, large companies simply don't suffer from a bad customer experience anymore.
Arainach
6d ago
3 replies
>outright blocking adblockers, which has no bearing on youtube's service

The scale of data storage, transcoding compute, and bandwidth to run YouTube is staggering. I'm open to the idea that adblocking doesn't have much effect on a server just providing HTML and a few images, but YouTube's operating costs are (presumably, I haven't looked into it) staggering and absolutely incompatible with adblocking.

bitmasher9
6d ago
1 reply
That’s fine, but YouTube has an obligation to make sure the ads they serve aren’t scams. They are falling short of that obligation.
ethmarks
6d ago
3 replies
Could you elaborate on why? It seems to me that YouTube's implicit contract with the user is "these people paid us to show you this advert", not "we vouch for the integrity and veracity of this advert". I obviously agree that it'd be nice if YouTube would put more effort into screening adverts, but I don't see why they're _obligated_ to. I'm happy to be corrected, though.
ndriscoll
6d ago
1 reply
Because taking money from a con artist to deliver marks based on profiles you've collected on everyone to see who's most likely to be taken in makes you an accessory if not accomplice to fraud.

Businesses (in particular the literal biggest ad agency in the world) should know who they are partnering with. Not vetting the people they're allowing to place ads is at best negligent. The fact that the FBI warns people to use ad blockers to protect themselves from fraud (instead of anyone doing anything about it) is shameful. Someone either approved the scams or the system which allows these unvetted partners to operate. There should be a criminal investigation into how this came to be. Especially considering people have anecdotally said online that they've reported scam ads and received a reply that the ad was reviewed and determined to not violate policy (that may be Facebook, or both. In any case this applies to anyone). At that point they unambiguously have actual knowledge of and are a participant in the fraud. People at these ad companies should be looking at prison time if that is indeed happening.

ethmarks
6d ago
2 replies
That's a fair point. Thanks for the detailed response.

I'm curious as to what the scam ads you mention actually are. I use an adblocker most of the time, and most of the adverts that I do see are annoying but fairly innocuous. Furniture, insurance, charter schools, social media apps, shitty mobile games, et cetera. I've seen plenty of slightly scummy adverts, but I can't recall seeing many that are really harmful or blatantly fraudulent. I'm curious to hear what adverts other people are seeing that are so outrageous.

sodality2
6d ago
Tons of blatant phishing, rug-pull crypto coins, illegal medications, or just fraudulent websites. Very content-dependent though
ndriscoll
6d ago
I also use a malware blocker at all times (to not have one on all computers would be like running an open telnet server: insane), so can't say I have personal experience with it, but there is plenty of anecdotal discussion about blatant financial scams, e.g. [0][1]. That first one OP claims Youtube acknowledged receiving their report, investigated it, and determined that the ad was acceptable. If true, they are admitting they are specifically aware of these ads and that users are raising complaints about them (they don't exist now, but a court could subpoena information about whether OP's story is true).

Additionally, Google has a well known policy of allowing people to take out ads (which look exactly like a search result) for someone else's trademark (defeating the entire purpose of a trademark), and the FBI has a frequently referenced notice[2] to US citizens to be aware of fraud where scammers take out impersonating ads on "Internet search results" to e.g. lead people to the wrong site for financial institutions. It absolutely blows my mind that no one is prosecuted for participating in this.

[0] https://old.reddit.com/r/youtube/comments/18gjiqy/youtube_do...

[1] https://www.reddit.com/r/Scams/comments/1h6rdtj/massive_incr...

[2] https://www.ic3.gov/PSA/2022/PSA221221

unethical_ban
6d ago
They have the money and the world would be better.
aucisson_masque
6d ago
What do you think about YouTube showing pornographic advertisement to kids? Do you think they could, or do you think they must ensure that it's not displayed ?

Because I don't see how scam are less illegal than showing pornography to children, yet you wouldn't dare to tell me it's fine.

tgv
6d ago
1 reply
YouTube had a $10B Q3. I cannot imagine them spending $10B on servers and staff in three months.
Arainach
6d ago
2 replies
Making a profit doesn't mean that their costs aren't so high that adblocking isn't compatible.

Walmart has profits of $157B in 2024, but their business model isn't compatible with people just walking in and grabbing stuff without paying - and doesn't make it ethical to do so even if "they'll be just fine even if I do that"

tgv
6d ago
2 replies
I don't see how ad-blocking is unethical.

There are companies that make money by placing ("out of home") ads in the public space. Not looking at those would then also be unethical? Priests sermoning on "thou shalt not hide thy eyes from the fancy displays in the bus stop"? An ad-police, the Conscious Ethical Viewing Effort Force Edict? That's some low-key dystopian thought.

sodality2
6d ago
1 reply
It would be like attending a time-share dinner and putting in earplugs during their speech. I definitely think it's permissible to do it, but it's also permissible for them to kick you out for doing it.
engeljohnb
6d ago
1 reply
It's more like tearing out the ad pages of a magazine before reading it. Even if the magazine has fine print saying "the reader may not tear out the ad pages..." It's still a ridiculous rule and it isn't wrong for people to ignore it.
bitpush
6d ago
1 reply
The right analogy would be a newspaper delivering you the paper in ~milliseconds when you ask for it, whereever in the world, for free, and then you proceed to rip off the ads and read it.

The reason newspaper do the delivery was the promise that you'll see the ads, and they get to make money from that ads.

If they notice that you do all of the work of providing you the newspaper almost instantly and you dont see the ads, they are either gonna have to a) politely refuse to serve you b) point you to an alternate way of accessing the newspaper ("Newspaper Premium" for $$)

engeljohnb
6d ago
1 reply
Firstly, ad watch time is not currency.

Second once the paper's in my hands, I get to do what I want with it, and the expectations of the paper company has no bearing on it.

If they don't want to give me the paper for free, they should stop, but they haven't yet. Their expectation to make a certain amount of revenue from ads doesn't obligate the consumer. If their business model isn't making them the profit they need, it's on them to change their strategy.

bitpush
6d ago
> Second once the paper's in my hands, I get to do what I want with it, and the expectations of the paper company has no bearing on it.

Absolutely! I run an adblocker as well!

At the same time, you'd agree they have the right to refuse to serve you (access denied) or make you jump through hoops (solve a challenge etc)

Arainach
4d ago
The implicit contract is that you see the content while letting the ads that support it play. If you disagree with ads, the ethical choice is to not watch the video, not to leech.

It's also ethical to change browser tabs or leave the room while the ad plays, but blocking it and costing the provider money while not contributing back is not.

lukan
6d ago
1 reply
The biggest difference is still the difference between physical stuff that only exist once and information, that just needs to be copied without loosing any value.
Arainach
4d ago
This isn't a piracy argument, it's a "leeching infrastructure that has real costs without contributing" problem.

Tapping into your neighbor's cable TV for free channels may not physically deprive anyone of something but it's still wrong.

titzer
6d ago
1 reply
> (presumably, I haven't looked into it)

YouTube broke even sometime around 2010 and has been profitable ever since. The ad revenue has always been more than enough to sustain operating costs. It's just more growthism = more ads. If you want the YouTube of 2010--you know, the product we all liked and got used to--you can't have it. Welcome to enshittification.

Personally I find YouTube unusable without an adblocker. On my devices that don't have an ad blocker, it's infuriating.

Arainach
6d ago
2 replies
You can absolutely have that. You can pay for YouTube Premium and you don't get ads. It's shockingly reasonable in my opinion* - dollars spent to hours I watch, it's my personal best value streaming service.

*Bias disclaimer: I work for Alphabet. Not for YouTube. There's no employee discount, I pay full price for YTP.

devsda
6d ago
Ads, I can tolerate occasional ones but not signing in to YT or premium has a biggest benefit of all, no more creepy tracking and ads based on Google search keywords, no more shitty recommendations.

I can open a private window, clear cookies, clear app data or advertising id and have fresh slate that is not tainted by previous videos.

PS: While at Alphabet, if you ever run into the person who made the call to enable automatic AI translations on YT videos with no way to change language on mobile, please whack them on the head on behalf of us countless frustrated users.

titzer
6d ago
I refuse to pay on principle. The idea that a megacorp can field a loss leader for nearly a decade, enticing users to create enormous crowd-sourced content, then later, even when profitable can gradually reduce the quality of the service to the point where users have to pay to get back to an experience they used to have is textbook enshittification.
goku12
6d ago
1 reply
> At the expense of the 'users experience' but these days, large companies simply don't suffer from a bad customer experience anymore.

This is my personal opinion. They're still affected by customer satisfaction and they're still driven by market forces. It's just that you and I are not their customers. It's not even the YT premium customers. Google is and always has been an ad service company and their primary customers have always been the big advertisers. And they do care about their experience. For example, they go overboard to identity the unique views of each ad.

Meanwhile the rest of us - those of us who don't pay, those who subscribe and even the content creators - are their captive resources whose creativity and attention they sell to the advertisers. Accordingly, they treat us like cattle, with poor quality support that they can't be bothered about. This is visible across their product lineup from YouTube and gmail to workspace. You can expect to be demonetized or locked out of your account and hung out to dry without any recourse if your account gets flagged by mistake or falsely suspected of politics that they don't like. Even in the best case, you can only hope to raise a stink on social media and pray that it catches the attention of someone over there.

Their advantage is that the vast majority of us choose to be their slaves, despite this abuse. Without our work and attention, they wouldn't have anything to offer their customers. To be fair to ourselves, they did pull off the bait and switch tactic on us in the beginning by offering YouTube for free and killing off all their competition in the process. Now it's really hard to match their hosting resources. But this is not sustainable anymore. We need other solutions, not complaints. Even paid ones are fine as long as they don't pull these sort of corporate shenanigans.

bilekas
6d ago
> This is my personal opinion. They're still affected by customer satisfaction and they're still driven by market forces. It's just that you and I are not their customers.

Fair opinion and I agree. Is it sustainable, you think not but I believe it doesn't matter.. Line must go up.. when you're a tech company with a finance team larger than Enron, only the number today matters. Add to that the patent worth.

The internet I loved and helped grow is something I don't recognise anymore. Maybe there's a new generation of hackers who make the new system.

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