Back to Home11/19/2025, 3:46:30 PM

Emoji evidence errors don’t undo a murder conviction

62 points
68 comments

Mood

calm

Sentiment

neutral

Category

culture

Key topics

law

justice

criminology

The 'People vs. Harmon' case highlights the limitations of relying on emoji evidence in murder convictions, sparking discussion on the role of digital evidence in the justice system.

Snapshot generated from the HN discussion

Discussion Activity

Very active discussion

First comment

17m

Peak period

21

Hour 1

Avg / period

12

Comment distribution48 data points

Based on 48 loaded comments

Key moments

  1. 01Story posted

    11/19/2025, 3:46:30 PM

    4h ago

    Step 01
  2. 02First comment

    11/19/2025, 4:03:11 PM

    17m after posting

    Step 02
  3. 03Peak activity

    21 comments in Hour 1

    Hottest window of the conversation

    Step 03
  4. 04Latest activity

    11/19/2025, 7:37:44 PM

    28m ago

    Step 04

Generating AI Summary...

Analyzing up to 500 comments to identify key contributors and discussion patterns

Discussion (68 comments)
Showing 48 comments of 68
hed
4h ago
4 replies
It's interesting because like the article says legal teams may have to get smarter about recreating all the context when evidence like this is used. Even if the emojis rendered the reference implementation of Unicode and what vendors actually represent can vary quite a bit by platform or OS version.
trollbridge
3h ago
6 replies
An obvious problem is Apple renders the firearm emoji as a water pistol, and everyone else renders it as an actual pistol.
FridayoLeary
2h ago
What is it these days that perfectly normal words and things get censored? As far as harmful social phenomena go this is very small, but it's so silly.
aidenn0
3h ago
Android changed in 2018 -- which adds even more of an issue since serious cases can take many years to go to trial, what it looks like on a phone today might be totally different than what it looked like on a phone at the time of the crime.
pxc
3h ago
All the big tech companies except Twitter now render it as a squirt gun afaik
madcaptenor
3h ago
Also IIRC there are some renderings where the firearm is aimed to the left and others aim it to the right. I'm having trouble sourcing this though - maybe this was true in the past or it was some other emoji that implies a direction.
hamdingers
3h ago
Almost everyone renders a water pistol now: https://emojipedia.org/pistol (click the "designs" tab)

Twitter/X is the only major exception, and they only changed it to represent a realistic gun recently.

debugnik
3h ago
According to Wikipedia, now Apple, Google, Microsoft, Samsung, WhatsApp and Facebook all use a water pistol. X was the only platform to roll that back.
criddell
3h ago
I recently listened to some podcast where they talked about this in the context of threatening texts. Sending someone a gun emoji communicates a very different thing if it shows up as a water pistol vs a realistic looking gun. The court need to see what the sender thought they were sending and what the receiver saw.

https://www.reddit.com/r/coolguides/comments/k1xxio/evolutio...

ekjhgkejhgk
3h ago
Yes. I wouldn't call that emoji "tears with joy" I would calling it "laughing so much you have tears".
chuckadams
2h ago
To say nothing of the eyes and smile on U+1F4A9 PILE OF POO which kind of made it more disturbing.
mindslight
3h ago
4 replies
The issues with emojis go much deeper than this. Even if we agree on how exactly they displayed, their social meaning is highly dependent on the context of a conversation. Instead of allowing outside investigators to divine their own meanings and introduce them as evidence, courts should insist on testimony from the person or people those communications were meant for. If said people give wildly differing testimony to what investigators think is truthful, then they can go down the rabbit hole of how the codepoints were displayed and whatnot.
qingcharles
3h ago
1 reply
One tricky aspect of this is if the messages are from the defendant then the defendant is almost certainly going to use their right not to testify (especially if they are actually guilty) as they'll be asked all sorts of other difficult questions they likely won't want to answer.
potato3732842
3h ago
The state has been using this trick since forever. They don't even need to have written correspondance to misconstrue, they do it all the time with just testimony.
postexitus
3h ago
2 replies
Same with everyday language. We just got used to its nuances.
SiempreViernes
3h ago
Yeah, the novel bit here is only that the lógos displayed to the different parties can be materially different for technical reasons unrelated to the intent of either party. The rest is bog-standard ambiguity of language.
kstrauser
2h ago
Exactly. For example, there's an enormous difference between someone saying "I'd like to choke that guy" in exasperation, and someone saying "I'd like to choke that guy" while discussing the weekend's plans with their friends. People say exaggerated things all the time and it's generally understood as not expressing their genuine intent.

A popular cultural example: "I shot the clerk?". https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7SbI_lGPahg

cryzinger
3h ago
1 reply
Google's "Messages" client on Android has a feature where, in RCS chats, if you send or receive a message that solely consists of a single applicable emoji (and I believe in response to certain emoji reacts as well?), a little animation plays. The :joy: and related emojis trigger a "haha so funny"-type animation, :cry: and similar trigger a sad, rainy cloud, and so on.

An interesting thing I noticed recently is that :skull: triggers the same "haha so funny" animation as :joy: does! Which kind of surprised me, because I was using the skull to convey "lol I'm dead", so it fit here, but I wouldn't think that's the primary use for it.

johnisgood
3h ago
Because "lol I'm dead = something is hilarious = :joy:". "Emoji evidence" is crazy. :skull: can mean a million other things, same with a (water) pistol emoji.
lanyard-textile
3h ago
Theoretically this is probably where good jury selection comes in.

If a juror is presented a message with an explanation that is obviously “out of touch” with its intended meaning, the juror loses some trust and applies more scrutiny.

wongarsu
3h ago
1 reply
> instead of being followed by two emojis, the message is followed by four closely-spaced rectangles. Neither the text of Delarosa’s in limine motion, nor anything said during the in limine hearing would have informed the trial court that the four rectangles represented two emojis

So I know nothing about this trial and have limited knowledge of the US legal system, but didn't one party just misrepresent evidence here? They would probably argue that it wasn't intentional and thus not perjury, but it still sounds pretty serious. The emojis are just as much part of the message as the latin characters

aidenn0
3h ago
2 replies
If I understand TFA right, it was the defense that made the mistake, which is why the appeal failed. You don't get a do-over when the mistake is on your side.
j-bos
3h ago
I thought you would if you prove your lawyer was incompetent and sue them?
gnfargbl
3h ago
If I understand TFA then the defendant is arguing that his message about owning a gun was made less glib by the verbatim inclusion of a tears-of-joy emoji plus a smiling-devil-horns emoji at the end.

That is... an unusual argument to make.

opwieurposiu
3h ago
3 replies
I have noticed that men and women tend to use different emoji and ascribe different meaning to them. Ex. I see the skull emoji used to indicate laughter more often used by women and crying face used more by men.

There are some tribes where men and women have completely different languages, I wonder if we will end up that way with emojis.

IncreasePosts
3h ago
1 reply
I used to use the :-P emoji on AIM as sort of "that was a joke" emoji, and if I had a nickel for every girl who thought I was flirting with them for using it, I'd have 3 nickels. Not a lot but still weird it happened 3 times. Also how I got my first girlfriend. I wasn't flirting, but she seemed to like what I was doing it so I figured let's give it a shot.
johnisgood
3h ago
Try changing ":" to ";" and that number is going to get increased by quite a lot. :D
burkaman
1h ago
I think you're talking about https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ubang_language

It does actually seem very applicable here - it's not two different languages, but there's a seemingly random subset of words in the language that have completely different male and female versions. If emojis are part of the language, and men and women use different ones to refer to the same concepts, that's basically the same thing.

WalterBright
1h ago
> men and women tend to use different emoji

I went through a brief emoji phase where I had to scroll through a large list of emoji to find just the right one. I eventually realized this was just stupid and use words now.

lanyard-textile
3h ago
1 reply
Given it was not directly brought up in the motion in limine, it sounds like there were other concerns with the message anyway?

> it’s possible/probable that the trial outcomes would have been the same with or without the Facebook message evidence.

Satisfy4400
3h ago
It seems like defense counsel was primarily concerned that the message indicated the defendant owned/possessed a gun. The emoji argument seems to be a secondary concern that he raised only on appeal.
josefritzishere
3h ago
1 reply
The year is 2025 and the courts are debating "emoji evidence." That is where we are as a species.
542354234235
2h ago
2 replies
I’m not sure I understand this comment. Emojis are a form of communication. Communications can and are evidence used in court. If someone drew pictures related to guns, and then was accused of a gun crime, that evidence would be used. If someone communicated non-verbally to someone by drawing their finger across their throat and then pointing at the person, who later alleged they were attacked by that person, that would be evidence. Emojis are simplified pictograms used as shorthand to communicate, like acronyms or initialisms are simplified representations of multiple words, like someone saying “RIP to you for what you did” could be a threat.

If someone sent an email threatening someone else, the court should not present that email incorrectly as raw HTML code. If a WhatsApp message was sent with text bolded for emphasis, it shouldn’t be shown to the jury in plain text. So I don’t understand this derisive attitude towards "emoji evidence."

toast0
2h ago
> If someone sent an email threatening someone else, the court should not present that email incorrectly as raw HTML code.

If there was no text/plain alternative, showing the HTML would be acceptable evidence of their crime. Sentencing guidelines for sending mail without a text/plain alternatives aren't established, but I think 1 year for the user and 10 years for the software developer is fair.

josefritzishere
2h ago
I am just despairing the state of the species. We're communicating through comic pictograms like we're reverting to a neolithic state.
layer8
2h ago
1 reply
As a side note, the FACE WITH TEARS OF JOY emoji doesn’t actually depict tears of joy, but laughing so hard that tears come out of your eyes.
WalterBright
1h ago
1 reply
Try LOL instead.
layer8
41m ago
LOL isn't quite the same.
EdwardCoffin
2h ago
1 reply
In the same vein was an incident where an improperly localized phone in Turkey caused a sent message to arrive with different characters, with very different meaning, and the fallout was two deaths [1], discussed here [2]

[1] https://languagelog.ldc.upenn.edu/nll/?p=73

[2] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=9900758

fusslo
1h ago
1 reply
> There are several lessons to take away from this tragedy. One is that localization is a good thing. Another is that it is best not to kill people who make you angry until you have carefully investigated the situation

wise wise words

shkkmo
1h ago
The person that was killed was the person who started the violence, the wife. I would posit that instead physically attacking someone who comes over to apologize, you should try listening first.

Also, if your wife and her family are that crazy, give them time to cool down before you put yourself in that situation...

Scott-David
1h ago
While emoji evidence can be intriguing, it’s not strong enough to overturn serious convictions—context and corroborating evidence always matter most in legal cases.
skeezyjefferson
3h ago
i love how after having actual law professionals take a look at his appraisal, he has to retract all the things he said about law, leaving you with how he noticed emjois werent rendered on a printout. typical internet know nothing
ekjhgkejhgk
3h ago
> he argues the court should have excluded a Facebook message that

OT: Don't use Facebook or anything by that company.

WalterBright
1h ago
Illustrating another facet of problems with emojis and icons. For example, an image of a duck. Is it meant to be a duck, a goose, a pigeon, or a bird? Don't you love that ancient oil lamp icon that is supposed to mean "oil pressure"? Unlike words, you cannot even look up the definition of an emoji or icon.

Icon based written languages have been replaced over time with phonetic ones. There's a good reason for that. Icons and emoji don't work.

Constantly inventing new ones and adding them to Unicode is simply retarded.

There, I said it!!

notfed
40m ago
> For example, my software renders the smiling face with horns as red [], but often the depiction is purple.

It seems the article is ironically falling for the same problem. This would be worked around by including images of the emoji variants, rather than relying on Unicode.

john-carter
28m ago
While emoji interpretations can be tricky, they don’t override solid legal evidence in serious cases like murder convictions.
philipallstar
3h ago
Lawyers in getting paid to debate their guess of meanings of emojis shocker.

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ID: 45981009Type: storyLast synced: 11/19/2025, 8:05:53 PM

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