Ask HN: Is Fortran the first high-level language?

While Fortran is often considered one of the first high-level programming languages, there were indeed other languages that preceded it or were developed around the same time. One notable example is Plankalkül, developed by German mathematician Konrad Zuse between 1942 and 1946. Although it was not widely used, Plankalkül was a high-level language that included concepts like loops and conditional statements. Another example is Short Code, proposed in 1946 by Alan Turing's colleague, Alan Robinson, and later implemented by others. Additionally, languages like Assembly-level languages with macro capabilities and Autocode, developed in the early 1950s, also showed early signs of high-level abstractions.