Unix Philosophy and Filesystem Access Makes Claude Code Amazing
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The article discusses how Claude Code's Unix-like approach to interacting with LLMs makes it powerful, and the discussion revolves around the benefits and potential of this approach, as well as concerns about data privacy and the role of LLMs in coding.
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The average user like me wouldn't be able to run pipelines without serious infrastructure, but it's very important to understand how the data is used and how the models are trained, so that we own the model and can assess its biases openly.
I'm not sure how everyone can have access to the data without necessitating another taking on the burden of providing it.
I'm also not saying anyone should be forced to disclose training data. I'm only staying that a LLM that's only openweight and not open data/pipeline barely fits the opensource model of the stack mentioned by OP.
Now, running local models instead of using them as a SaaS has a clear purpose: the price of your local model won't suddenly increase ten fold once you start depending on it, like the SaaS models might. Any level of control beyond that is illusory with LLMs.
It's fine for models to have open-weights and closed data. It's only barely fitting the opensource model IMHO though.
An open weight model addresses the second part of THIS, but not the first. However, even an open weight model with all of the training data available doesn't fix the first problem. Even if you somehow got access to enough hardware to train your own GPT-5 based on the published data, you still couldn't meaningfully fix an issue you have with it, not even if you hired Ilya Sutskever and Yann LeCun to do it for you: these are black boxes that no one can actually understand at the level of a program or device.
I have also seen people train "jailbreaks" of popular open source LLMs (e.g. Google Gemma) that remove the condescending ethical guidelines and just let you talk to the thing normally.
So all in all I am skeptical of the claim that there would be no value in having access to the training data. Clearly there is some ability to steer the direction of the output these models produce.
https://www.anthropic.com/news/golden-gate-claude
https://huggingface.co/mlabonne/Meta-Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct-a...
They probably can't give you the training set as it would amount to publication of infringing content. Where would you store it, and what would you do with it anyway?
I have many programs I use that I wish were a little different, but even if they were open source, it would take a while to acquaint myself with the source code organization to make these changes. LLMs, on the other hand, are pretty good at small self-contained changes like tweaks or new minor features.
This makes it easier to modify open source programs, but also means that if a program isn't open source, I can't make these changes at all. Before, I wasn't going to make the change anyway, but now that I actually can, the ability to make changes (i.e. the program is open source) becomes much more important.
If only I were retired and had infinite time!
I had tried coding with ChatGPT a year or so ago and the effort needed to get anything useful out of it greatly exceeded any benifit, so I went into CC with low expectations, but have been blown away.
Let me illustrate with a specific, simple example: fixing linter or compiler errors. The problems I solve with this method are all verifiable via the command line (this can usually be documented in CLAUDE.md). Claude Code will continuously adjust the code based on the linter's output until all errors are resolved. This process often takes quite some time. I typically do this after completing a feature development. If Claude Code mistakenly thinks it has finished the task during one of these checks, it will halt the entire process. I then have to restart it using the same prompt to continue the task.
Therefore, I'm looking for an external tool to manage Claude Code. I haven't found one yet. I've seen some articles suggesting the use of a subagents approach, where tools like Gemini CLI or Codex could launch Claude Code. I haven't thoroughly explored this method yet.
I'd rather have it breakout of the box by going to stderr.
Doesn’t matter if you tell it multiple times in CLAUDE.md to not skip checks, it will eventually just skip them so it can commit. It’s infuriating.
I hope that as CC evolves there is a better way to tell/force the model to do things like that (linters, formatters, unit/e2e tests, etc).
Students don't get to choose whether to take the test, so why do we give AI the choice?
I have a `task build` command that runs linters, tests and builds the project. All the commands have verbosity tuned down to minimum to not waste context on useless crap.
Claude remembers to do it pretty well. I have it in my global CLAUDE.md sot I guess it has more weight? Dunno.
Example: read this log file and extract XYZ from it and show me a table of the results. Instead of having the agent read in the whole log file into the context and try to process it with raw LLM attention, you can get it to read in a sample and then write a script to process the whole thing. This works particularly well when you want to do something with math, like compute a mean or a median. LLMs are bad at doing math on their own, and good at writing scripts to do math for them.
A lot of interesting techniques become possible when you have an agent that can write quick scripts or CLI tools for you, on the fly, and run them as well.
When you tell an LLM to check the code for errors, the LLM could simply "realize" that the problem is complex enough to warrant building [or finding+configuring] an appropriate tool to solve the problem, and so start doing that... but instead, even for the hardest problems, the LLM will try to brute-force a solution just by "staring at the code really hard."
(To quote a certain cartoon squirrel, "that trick never works!" And to paraphrase the LLM's predictable response, "this time for sure!")
That is for tasks where a programmatic script solution is a good idea though. I don't think your example of "check the code for errors" really falls in that category - how would you write a script to do that? "Staring at the code really hard" to catch errors that could never have been caught with any static analysis tool is actually where an LLM really shines! Unless by "check for errors" you just meant "run a static analysis tool", in which case sure, it should run the linter or typechecker or whatever.
After all, solving an immediate problem that seems like it could come up again, by “taking the opportunity” to solve the problem from now on by introducing workflow automation to solve the problem, is what an experienced human engineer would likely do in such a situation (if they aren’t pressed for time.)
Hmm. My experience of "the average programmer" doesn't look like yours and looks more like the LLM :/
I'm constantly flabbergasted as to how way too many devs fumble through digging into logs or extracting information or what have you because it simply doesn't occur to them that tools can be composed together.
From my experience, only a few rare devs do this. Most will stick with (broken/wrong) GUI tools they know made by others, by convenience.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kBLkX2VaQs4
I used claude to translate my application and I asked him to translate each text in the application to his best abilities.
That worked great for one view, but when I asked him to translate the rest of the application in the same fashion he got lazy and started to write a script to substitute some words instead of actually translating sentences.
For you existing browser session you'd have to start it already with open socket connection as by default that's not enabled but once you do the server should able to find an open local socket and connect to it and execute controls.
worth nothing that this "control browser" hype is quite deceiving and it doesn't really work well imo because LLMs still suck at understanding the DOM so you need various tricks to optimize for that so I would take OP's claims with a giant bag of salt.
Also these automations are really easy to identify and block as they are not organic inputs so the actual use is very limited.
- https://github.com/ChromeDevTools/chrome-devtools-mcp/
https://github.com/day50-dev/Mansnip
wrapping this in an STDIO mcp is probably a smart move.
I should just api-ify the code and include the server in the pip. How hard could this possibly be...
That's an interesting viewpoint from an AI marketing company.
I think the essential job of marketing is to help people make the connection between their problems and your solutions. Putting all on them in a kind of blamey way doesn't seem like a great approach to me.
That response suggests you aren't interested in discussion or conversation at all.
It suggests that your purpose here is to advertise.
That's fair but it's what I believe.
...see?
Being consistent with stating your beliefs isn't the same as engaging with and about those beliefs.
Advertising isn't conversation. Evangelism isn't discussion.
I agree that's the job of marketing, but I'm not someone who markets AI, I'm someone who helps large marketing organizations use it effectively. I agree that if my goal was to market it that wouldn't be an effective message, but my goal is for folks who work in these companies to take some accountability for their own personal development, so that's my message. Again, all I can do is be honest about how I feel and to be consistent in my beliefs and experiences working with these kinds of organizations.
I think it's the pengiun approach to risk management -- they know they need to jump in the water to get where they need to go, but they don't know where the orcas are. So they jostle closer and closer to the edge, some fall in, and the rest see what happens.
BTW, I probably shouldn't have only commenting on the small part at the end that annoyed me. I'm fascinated by the idea that LLMs make highly custom software feasible, like your "claudsidian" system... that people will be able to get the software they want by describing it rather than being limited to finding something preexisting and having to adapting to it. As you point out, the unix philosophy is one way -- simple, unopinionated, building blocks an LLM can compose out of user-level prompts.
Great way to describe the culture of fear prevalent at large companies.
Online discussion with randos about this topic is almost useless because everybody is quick to dismiss the other side as hopelessly brainwashed by hype, or burying their heads in the sand for fear of the future of their jobs. I've had much better luck talking about it with people I've known and had mutual respect with before all this stuff came out.
I'm personally in the habit of answering even slightly complex questions by first establishing shared context - that is, I very carefully ensure that my conversational partner has exactly the same understanding of the situation that I do. I do this because it's frequently the case that we don't have a lot of overlap in our understanding, or we have very specific gaps or contradictions in our understanding.
If you're like many in this industry, you're working in a language other than what you were raised in, making all of this more difficult.
(And then the CISO sends some security tips email/slack announcement which is still dumb and useless even after an LLM added a bunch of emojis and fun language to it.)
I've always been an old-fashioned and slow developer. But it still seems to me, if most "regular" "average" developers churn out code that is more of a liability than an asset, if they can do that 10x faster, it doesn't really change the world. Most stuff still ends up waiting, in the end, for some slow work done right, or else gets thrown away soon enough.
Also about a tool being overly conplex. Something like find, imagemagick, ffmpeg,… are not complex in themselves. They’re solving a domain that itself is complex. But the tools are quite good the evidence is their stability where they’ve barely changed across decades.
ffmpeg does all things media conversion. If you don’t want to learn how to use it, you find someone that does (or do the LLM gamble) or try to find a wrapper that have a simpler interface and hope the limited feature set encompasses your use cases.
A cli tool can be extremely versatile. GUI is full of accidental complexities, so unless your selling point is intuitiveness, it’s just extra work.
Basically I have it sitting over the top of my notes and assisting with writing, editing, researching, etc.
I love obsidian for the same basic reason you do: it’s just a bunch of text files, so I can use terminal tools and write programs to do stuff with them.
So far I mostly use LLMs to write the tools themselves, but not actually edit the notes. Maybe I can steal some of your ideas!
FOMO is for fashions and fads, not getting things done.
I probably wouldn’t do it myself either, but that’s not really relevant to whether it works or not.
Filling food with opioids would be great for business, but hopefully you understand how that is not "good business"
I do not care that it is common. I want it to be not common.
I do not care that bad marketing tactics like this can be used to sell "good" products, whatever that means.
You're supposed to start with a use case that is unmet, and research/build technology to enable and solve the use case.
AI companies are instead starting with a specific technology, and then desperately searching for use cases that might somehow motivate people to use that technology. Now these guys are further arguing that it should be the user's problem to find use cases for the technology they seem utterly convinced needs to be developed.
(Well, I recently found there is a reason for it: I'm left handed and unlocking my phone with my left hand sometimes touch the icon stupidly put by default on the lock screen. Not that it would work: My phone is usually running with data disabled.)
It started as unshare and ended up being a bit of a yakshaving endeavor to make things work but i was able to get some surprisingly good results using gemma3 locally and giving it access to run arbitrary debian based utilities.
I'm curious to see what you've come up with. My local LLM experience has been... sub-par in most cases.
Not around privacy, mind you. If your notes contain nothing that you wouldn’t mind being subpoenaed or read warrantlessly by the DHS/FBI, then you are wasting your one and only life.
exact opposite of the unix philosophy
the article is framing LLM's as a kind of fuzzy pipe that can automatically connect lots of tools really well. This ability works particularly well with unix-philosophy do-one-thing tools, and so being able to access such tools opens a superpower that is unique and secretly shiny about claudecode that browser-based chatgpt doesn't have.
Well, no, they aren't, but the orchestration frameworks in which they are embedded sometimes are (though a lot of times a whole lot of that everything is actually done by separate binaries the framework is made aware of via some configuration or discovery mechanism.)
This feels a bit like rediscovering stateless programming. Obviously the filesystem contents can actually change, but the idea of an idempotent result when running the same AI with the same command(s) and getting the same result would be lovely. Even better if the answer is right.
Now, due to tools like claude code, CLI is actually clearly the superior interface.
(At least for now)
It's not supposed to be an us vs them flamewar, of course. But it's fun to see a reversal like this from time to time!
The CLI has been dead for end-users since computers became powerful enough for GUIs, but the CLI has always been there behind the scenes. The closest we have been to the "CLI is dead" mentality was maybe in the late 90s, with pre-OSX MacOS and Windows, but then OSX gave us a proper Unix shell, Windows gave us PowerShell, and Linux and its shell came to dominate the server market.
Obviously not around during the 90's when the GUI was blowing up thanks to Windows displacing costly commercial Unix machines (Sun, SGI, HP, etc.) By 2000 people were saying Unix was dead and the GUI was the superior interface to a computer. Visual Basic was magic to a lot of people and so many programs were GUI things even if they didn't need to be. Then the web happened and the tables turned.
Microsoft drank early OOP koolaid and thus powershell suffered from problems that were well covered by the time etc…
Ray Norda being pushed out after WordPerfect bought Novell with their own money and leveraged local religious politics in addition to typical corporate politics killed it.
Intel convinced major UNIX companies to drop their CPUs for IA-64 which was never delivered, mainly because the core decision was incompatible with the fundamental limitations of computation etc…
The rise of Linux, VMs and ultimately the cloud all depended on the CLI.
Add in Microsoft anticompetitive behavior plus everything else and you ended up with a dominant GUI os provider with a CLI that most developers found challenging to use.
I worked at some of the larger companies with large windows server installations and everyone of them installed Cygwin to gain access to tools that allowed for maintainable configuration management tools.
There are situations like WordPerfect which had GUI offerings be delayed due to the same problem that still plague big projects today, but by the time the web appeared Microsoft had used both brilliant and extremely unethical practices to gain market dominance.
The rise of technology that helped with graphics like vesa local bus and GPUs in the PC space that finally killed the remaining workstation vendors was actually concurrent with the rise of the web.
Even with that major companies like SGI mainly failed because they dedicated so many resources to low end offerings that they lost their competitiveness on the high end, especially as they fell into Intels trap with Itanium too.
But even that is complicated way beyond what I mentioned above.
Meanwhile John Carmack was using an IDE the whole time - Maybe he was just in a different realm.
I tend to agree with the trend of the parents comment. The CLI came along with the horde, like the english language or javascript.
Maybe in some circles.
You don't remember the period where Linux was considered a joke compared to NT or "real" unices? Maybe I was just around a lot of elitists.
BSD/Mach gave us that, OSX just included it in their operating system.
With CLI and TUI tools it's keyboard first and the mouse might work if it wasn't too much of a hassle for the dev.
And another issue with GUI tooling is the lack of composability. With a CLI I can input files to one program grab the output and give it to another and another with ease.
With GUI tools I need to have three of them open at the same time and manually open each one. Or find a single tool that does all three things properly.
- Has anyone found claude code been able to documentation for parts of the code which does not:
(a). Explode in maintenance time exponentially to help claude understand and iterate without falling over/hallucinating/design poorly?
(b). Use it to make code reviewers life easy? If so how?
I think the key issue for me is the time the human takes to *verify*/*maintain* plans is not much less than what it might take them to come up with a plan that is detailed enough that many AI models could easily implement.
Especially on bootstrap/setup, AIs are fantastic for cutting out massive amounts of time, which is a huge boon for our profession. But core logic? I think that's where the not-really-saving-time studies are coming from.
I'm surprised there aren't faux academic B-school productivity studies coming out to counter that (sponsored by AI funding of course) already, but then again I don't read B-school journals.
I actually wonder if the halflife decay of the critical mass of vibecode will almost perfectly coincide with the crash/vroosh of labor leaving the profession to clean it up. It might be a mini-y2k event, without such a dramatic single day.
Yet highly preferred over CLI applications to the common end user.
CLI-only would have stunted the growth of computing.
Really, GUIs can be formed of a public API with graphics slapped on top. They usually aren't, but they can be.
What even is this? Is it all AI slop? All of these articles are borderline nonsensical, in that weird dreamy tone that all AI slop has.
To see this waxing poetic about the Unix philosophy, which couldn't be farther from the modern "AI" workflow, is... something I can't quite articulate, but let's go with "all shades of wrong". Seeing it on the front page of HN is depressing.
[1]: https://www.alephic.com/no-saas
I’ve had much better luck with constrained, structure tools that give me control over exactly how the tools behave and what context is visible to the LLM.
It seems to be all about making doing the correct thing easy, the hard things possible, and the wrong things very difficult.
But anything you can do on the CLI, so can an agent. It’s the same thing as chefs preferring to work with sharp knives.
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