Sec Approves Texas Stock Exchange, First New Us Integrated Exchange in Decades
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The SEC has approved the Texas Stock Exchange (TXSE), a new integrated stock exchange, sparking discussion on its implications, potential benefits, and concerns about regulation and market dynamics.
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Most smaller companies are just listing on something like NASDAQ, which isn't confined to a city. With modern computers the idea of an exchange in a city is not nearly as useful as it was 150 years ago.
https://www.cboe.com/us/equities/market_share/
Does this actually mean something specific?
Probably:
Trade matching algorithms (prorata, FIFO, TOP) and rules (capital requirements, market impact definitions) will align with the interests of the most profitable customers.
Citadel Securities, with their HFT-level returns of 50-100% per year will not venture into a losing business.
Note, CitSec is different from Citadel (hedge fund), and the hedge fund is also crazy with 40% annual return before fees (past 20 years) and 19% after fees to the outside passive investor.
IEX data is now free after 15minutes instead of 15milliseconds.
One option is the Databento US Equities Mini for 200 USD per month. If I understand it correctly it is some sort of weighted average between multiple exchanges.
Their EQUS Mini dataset is a great way to dip the toe if you want live data without licensing restrictions. Databento's article talks exactly about how it is sourced, but it is not that it is averaged but anonymized, specifically because of the complexities of upstream exchange licensing. [2]
You don't have to pay $200 per month for that -- that's for all-you-can-eat. You can experiment with pay as you go.
You can use my dbn-go tools to help you... here's the cost to get all the 1-day candlesticks for all the US Equity Symbols for 1-year... which you could use to make all sorts of charts and redistribute them freely (the trickiest part honestly):
So $4.38 for all that data or $3.78 for just the NASDAQ exchange (not sure of redistribution of that one).I hang out on their Slack. Today there was a deep discussion about optimizing C++ SPSC queues, although it is usually isn't too technical like that. They are pretty transparent about how they implement things.
[1] https://github.com/NimbleMarkets/dbn-go
[2] https://databento.com/blog/databento-us-equities-mini-now-av...
The main reason to move away from the NYSE or NASDAQ is if you don't like the rules those stock exchanges have.
1. Texas is a corrupt state and you can bribe your way in to power
2. No income tax
“Well, we IPOed!”
“Congratulations!”
“…in Texas.”
“Do you need to use me as a reference?”
So it is as one might imagine, the formation was probably for similar reasons why owners are moving their company registration out of Delaware.
https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2024-02-01/texas-... https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2025-02-03/texas-...
Delaware law exclusively protects the interests of the board of directors. It allows for a unique provision - the hilariously misnamed "Shareholders Rights Plan" that enable a board of directors to issue shares as they please, in order to make sure every attempt at takeover isn't against the interests of the directors.
The only check on the power of the board in a Delaware corporation is the Delaware court of chancellery.
> it is weird that Tesla’s management and board of directors and (a large majority of) shareholders all agreed that Musk should get paid $55.8 billion for creating $600 billion of shareholder value, and he did do that, and he got paid that, and a judge overruled that decision and ordered him to give back the money. I can see why Musk — and Tesla’s board, and its shareholders — would find that objectionable! They’re trying to run a company here.
Simply put, this is Republicans pushing for “Y'all Street". Target one will be earnings reports, but the eventual push will be to not be overseen by the SEC in some important capacity.
Forgive my ignorance, but what does that mean in this context?
> On August 6, 2021, the SEC approved Nasdaq’s proposed diversity rule for companies listed on its exchange. The rule required Nasdaq-listed companies to (1) publicly disclose board-level demographic data annually and (2) have, or explain why they do not have, a certain number of diverse directors on their boards. Companies with more than five board members were required to have two members from an underrepresented group, including one female and one person who self-identifies as Black, Hispanic, Asian, Native American, Alaskan Native, Native Hawaiian, Pacific Islander, biracial, or LGBTQ+.
https://ogletree.com/insights-resources/blog-posts/fifth-cir...
How would a securities exchange avoid being regulated by the securities and exchange commission?
SEC Chair says they are going to hunt crooks more aggressively, but won't leverage dawn raids as much to chase technical violations.
> US SEC buyouts hit legal, investment divisions hardest, data shows https://www.reuters.com/business/world-at-work/secs-legal-in...
> SEC Formally Withdraws Fourteen Rule Proposals https://www.proskauer.com/alert/sec-withdraws-fourteen-rule-...
The actions generally do not seem to match the words, and seem to point to a general trend of deregulation and lack of oversight (as the administration has said they would do, and especially in the crypto space has essentially stopped prosecuting crimes)
>> will be to not be overseen by the SEC in some important capacity.
Your articles don't dispute this.
As for whether oversight will be "weaker" and more de-regulated, maybe.
1. There's a headcount reduction. At worst, there's a quote that some really experienced watchdogs are out the door. Hard to tell until we get outcomes.
2. As for withdrawal of proposals, look closer.
> Although most observers doubted that the current Commission would adopt these proposals
Which makes it sound like the proposals were just withdrawn for later submittal and new discussion. Footnote #1 goes into how this isn't really unprecedented, citing similar withdrawals (or resets) under the Biden admin.
By having a Governor who's friendly with the President?
The President has a good amount of sway over the SEC. https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/legal/2025/03/03/sec-dr...
There is a party actively committed to implementing autocracy as fast as it can. To willfully ignore that and attempt to deflect from it as you are doing is wrong.
Moreover, if you don't think an autocracy will hurt YOU because you are in some protected group, you are wrong — it might not hurt you first, but it will hurt everyone, including you.
And regarding ignoring fascism/authoritarianism, you need only look at the difference between fascist and democratic societies
In democratic societies, the three branches of govt are independent, and the branches of civil society, press, academy, religion, business, industry, finance, entertainment, sport, and non-profits are ALL independent.
In autocratic societies, the power of the government is abused to corrupt or coerce all three branches of govt and all segments of civil society to serve the will of the executive.
EVERY single move by the person occupying the President's chair and his party as been to reduce or undermine the independence of the other government branches and all segments of civil society. The party who claims to be about "free enterprise" and "free speech" is seizing ownership of corporations, directly interfering in individual hiring decisions, and even making govt threats to get COMEDIANS fired. Seizing ownership of corporations, even partially, is more typical of Communist governments than democracies.
See if you can find a single substantive exception since 20-Jan-2025 where this administration increased freedom of expression or freedom of economic action, especially when such expressions or actions were unfavorable to it.
Lifting prohibitions on nuclear power and nuclear research would qualify I think. That took me about 5 seconds to come up with.
Your side is losing, so you attack, attack, attack. But all you are doing is driving reasonable people away. Your hyperbolic rhetoric is literally getting people killed. And you lie about the victims to justify that violence.
There is some truth for you...
The first thing coming up when I search that phrase is literally everyone but the current administration doing so: 1) World Bank, 2) Denmark, 3) Illinois Gov Pritzger (Dem), 4,5,6,+) Asian Bank. So, perhaps the administration has also reduced regulations in this area, but this is not an economic freedom that reduces concentration of power, particularly as this administration requires a vig to play in every area it can.
As to the rest of the allegations, they are vague, broad-brush, hyperbolic and entirely devoid of any actual examples. No truth at all, or only the kind of "truth" found on Truth Social.
But you do follow well Goebbels' instruction to accuse the enemy of that which you are guilty
I will be keeping a record of this username as a known liar and coward for any time I encounter it again.
Those were struck down 11 months ago, though?
> eventual push will be to not be overseen by the SEC
But no crimes will be committed, because they're trustworthy businessmen
Reality is there are tax and regulatory advantages. The courts are setup in a way that is favorable to business. They read a very strict interpretation of contracts which is good in some scenarios.
Texas politics is a train wreck, but their bureaucracy is pretty good for a business - things like permitting and other regulatory processes are faster. They also will firehouse you with incentives.
> Texas politics is a train wreck, but their bureaucracy is pretty good for a business - things like permitting and other regulatory processes are faster. They also will firehouse you with incentives.
None of that is really relevant to a stock exchange though. Being on the Texas stock exchange doesn't mean you are subject to Texas laws and regulations just like being on the New York Stock Exchange doesn't subject you to New York laws and regulations.
CEO OF Robinhood has been talking about offering crypto as a vector for acquiring shares for private companies:
https://www.sec.gov/about/crypto-task-force/written-submissi...
This admin and this new exchange would probably allow all kinds of nonsense to be publicly traded compared to other exchanges.
We’ve got three more years to go and this exchange, or anything new that happens in Texas is absolutely going to be tied with deregulatory ambitions.
Here's an article that appears to provide a bit more perspective: https://www.reuters.com/legal/government/txse-says-sec-appro...
Also, this is a fun nugget from the Reuters article about this new exchange providing competition to NYSE and NASDAQ:
> But those rivals are not sitting idly by. On March 31, the NYSE opened its own Texas outpost, disclosing that Trump Media & Technology would be the first company to list there.
https://www.texastribune.org/2025/10/06/texas-stock-exchange...
- once when the DC ran out of diesel and couldn't get any more after Hurricane Sandy
- once when the backup generators caught fire and the fire department needed to kill grid power to the facility
Everything else is pretty reliable or easier to decouple from the local real world
Also in 2021 210 people died. This is a huge deal. This wasn't just a little outage.
> Also in 2021 210 people died. This is a huge deal. This wasn't just a little outage.
Yes, a rare storm knocked out power and people died. It is a big deal and a lot of things changed after the event.
But I want to put it into perspective. In 2024, ~62,800 people in Europe died to heat-related events.
>But I want to put it into perspective. In 2024, ~62,800 people in Europe died to heat-related events.
Most of these deaths are not because of electrification but the fact that homes are built out of bricks and mortar and become ovens with heat waves that get hotter each year and ~10% to ~20% [2] of homes in Europe have air conditioning meanwhile ~95% [3] of homes have air conditioning. Your apples to oranges comparison mostly shows how Europe is generically unprepared for climate adaption (specifically heat resilience) and has nothing to do with electrification stability.
[1] https://www.texasenvironment.org/news-room/heat-related-deat... [2] It's all over the place some places like UK are around 5% adoption while southern Europe can be close to as much as 95% adoption. [3] https://www.eia.gov/consumption/residential/data/2020/state/...
We have high power demand in both winter and summer: in the latter, air conditioners use a lot; in the former, about half of Texans heat with electricity because we have less cold and so less usage of cost-effective, grid-preserving furnaces.
Texas has been building a ton of wind and solar to supplement generation capacity and is taking some leadership in the next-gen nuclear stuff for a reliable base load, but in the mean time the shortage of CCGTs is going to bite in a state where demand goes up this much, this fast. SB6 passed this summer also should help with reasonable control and oversight.
Improper deregulation never ends well.
Texas had the most number of power outages between 2019 and 2023 [1].
It wasn't one time. And it's not a joke. Infrastructure weatherization is a very real overlooked (and expensive) investment that still has not taken place.
[1]: https://www.congress.gov/118/meeting/house/116952/documents/...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_Texas_power_crisis#Backgr...
> In 2011, Texas was hit by the Groundhog Day blizzard between February 1 and 5, resulting in rolling blackouts across more than 75% of the state… Following this disaster, the North American Electric Reliability Corporation made several recommendations for upgrading Texas's electrical infrastructure to prevent a similar event occurring in the future, but these recommendations were ignored due to the cost of winterizing the systems.
> Unlike other power interconnections, Texas does not require a reserve margin of power capacity beyond what is expected. A 2019 North American Electric Reliability Corporation report found that ERCOT had a low anticipated reserve margin of generation capacity and was the only part of the country without sufficient resources available to meet projected peak summer electricity demand.
The report your wikipedia article cites for 75% says this: "In the case of ERCOT, where rolling blackouts affected the largest number of customers (3.2 million), there were 3100 MW of responsive reserves available on the first day of the event, compared to a minimum requirement of 2300 MW." So an eighth or so of Texas' ~25 million population in 2011.
What if that person has also lived in Texas for 30 years? And what if they had a family member that died during that power grid failure in 2021? I personally would find it quite difficult to communicate to them the nuance of a local problem and a state-wide problem when the end result is the same: no power.
In the future, you might consider approaching an interaction online with more balanced judgement.
Edit: Actually, looking back at the original comment, it's not even clear they're talking about the Texas power outage in 2021. All they said was "Hope they have ample backup power." Seems like a reasonable thing to hope for what might be critical infrastructure.
Admittedly anectodal, but I don't remember any power outage here in Chicago over the last 11 years I lived here, but I was in Texas for work for a few weeks this summer at the NASA balloon base and there were multiple power outages.
This was supposed to change after the 2021 crisis, but I haven't seen much evidence that it has.
that way any infrastructure that related to serve the citizen well being isn't exploited for profit
why US can't do this????
In the 1990s this started to change. The idea was that the different utilities could compete for customers, and thus they wouldn't be monopolies any more and thus market forces would take the place of government regulation.
Of course this has failed spectacularly. Deregulation brought us the Enron disaster and the 2021 Texas grid crisis, among others. But since corporations control the US government now, there's no chance regulation will be brought back.
and US citizen let them do it, how can't you vote the fck out of this is crazy
Deregulation and "free" markets are something that many americans actively want. You can argue that they're misinformed and they're advocating against their own self-interest. But it's still something they actively want, this isn't just the evil corporations taking control of the corrupt government.
In fact on this very site I'd wager that more than half of Americans users are against regulation in general, state ownership of any utility, or any additional control on financial markets.
I still remember the northeast blackout from 2003 too and that was only a part of a day for me
https://www.click2houston.com/news/local/2025/10/07/check-no...
Texas has more reliable electricity than California
considering the California electricity provider PG&E shuts off the electricity multiple times a year when it gets windy outside, to prevent power lines falling (due to lazy maintenance) and starting a wildfire
I wonder where the California’s additional 13% tax on capital gains is being spent? SF parking ticket enforcement?
Texas is the favorite punching bag of the left, and California is the favorite punching bag for the right. When one side is attacked, they defensively jump to the default. Which is kind of ironic, when you consider there's more Democrats in Texas than in many "blue" states, and the inverse is also true for California.
The only negative comments from Democrat representatives and the media on the left I see is are critical of specific laws, for example abortion, but they don't insult the entire state or generalize.
If you need specific quotes let me know.
(Regional controlled brownouts and state wide power grid failure are not comparable)
https://docs.house.gov/meetings/GO/GO05/20240312/116952/HHRG...
> Equinix's infrastructure supports the digital services businesses rely on, from cloud computing and enterprise applications to content delivery and financial trading platforms.
A lot of large companies put their servers into Equinix data centers.
https://www.gridstatus.io/live/ercot
Many trading firms already have their trading engines in that data center and I would assume TXSE would want quick access to that order flow and this might be easier if they are in NY4.
Of course, they may want to have their colo facilities in TX in their own data center, that way they can rent out space and make some extra revenue, but then they'd have to build that out.
This has been “in progress” for over 5 years now.
Flash Boys by Michael Lewis was a fun read on the subject. One memorable quote alleged that HFT traders would "sell their grandmothers for a microsecond [of edge]"
Perhaps Texas could use a different trading model that doesn't require ultra high speed trading.
Matt Levine often mulls the idea of a system with a trading window that doesn't let the fastest connection to the order book win. Perhaps an order book that works at human speeds so humans can trade too (I can think of a few ways to do it - but would need modelling to try and figure what actually works). He points out that most trades are done in the last hour, so really trading only needs to occur once a day.
The issue is whether a market trading system can be designed with suitable restrictions that beats the current market design (for listed companies and for traders).
Designing markets is hard because you have to assume every player is selfish and only cooperates where it is to their benefit and will defect or cheat if the incentives of the market encourage that (Enron in the California energy markets).
Unlikely since SEC would need to approve of a different system of market trade incentives.
Edit: Personally I would like to see an exchange that was more international. I'm from New Zealand and our good businesses often list on the Australian exchange rather than the NZSX. The system of ADRs for other countries feels like a massive hack.
Presumably then the last trader has the most information, and so the game would be getting the info as late as possible and trading as late as possible, but not too late.
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