Derek Sivers's Database and Web Apps

Posted3 months agoActive3 months ago

surprisetalk

146 points

37 comments

github.comTechstory

calmpositive

Debate

40/100

Database-Centric DevelopmentPostgresqlWeb Development

Key topics

Database-Centric Development

Postgresql

Web Development

Derek Sivers shares his database and web apps on GitHub, sparking a discussion on the benefits and challenges of putting business logic in the database.

Snapshot generated from the HN discussion

Discussion Activity

Very active discussion

First comment

Peak period

156-168h

Avg / period

12.3

Comment distribution37 data points

Loading chart...

Based on 37 loaded comments

Key moments

01Story posted
Oct 16, 2025 at 10:27 AM EDT
3 months ago
Step 01
02First comment
Oct 22, 2025 at 11:10 PM EDT
7d after posting
Step 02
03Peak activity
34 comments in 156-168h
Hottest window of the conversation
Step 03
04Latest activity
Oct 24, 2025 at 3:57 AM EDT
3 months ago
Step 04

Generating AI Summary...

Analyzing up to 500 comments to identify key contributors and discussion patterns

Discussion (37 comments)

Showing 37 comments

sivers

3 months ago

4 replies

Whoa. How weird to see this on the HN front page. It's so not ready yet. I'll write up more about it some day soon.

For the big idea, see https://sive.rs/pg

I really took Rich Hickey's "Simplicity Matters" talk to heart. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rI8tNMsozo0

I've been making PostgreSQL-centered web apps for 9 years that way, by having PostgreSQL just return JSON. Then the "controller" (Ruby or whatever) parses the Mustache or ERB template with the JSON and returns HTML to the browser.

What I'm doing differently now is having PostgreSQL parse Mustache templates directly!

So now the controller just has to pass in the HTTP params, give it to the PostgreSQL function, and it returns HTML ready to return in the HTTP response.

danielcberman

3 months ago

1 reply

Have you crossed paths with Chris Dancy? He’s been doing something similar with a life database using Airtable. https://www.chrisdancy.com/howto

chrisweekly

3 months ago

Great link, Chris Dancy's experiences and relationship to tech are very interesting.

hatefulheart

3 months ago

1 reply

Despite reading the README and the article I am still unclear about how these templated values are populated. So presumably we store our HTML on the sql server along with some templating syntax then how do we plug that value so to speak?

Secondly, what do we do about things like HTML fragments à la HTMX / Datastar hypermedia approach? Do we just hit the DB for 10 lines of HTML to populate the next card in a multi step form?

sivers

3 months ago

1 reply

I edit my HTML templates in the templates/ directory.

Then I use this little Ruby script to sync them into the database, which is where they're actually used:

https://github.com/sivers/sivers/blob/master/scripts/templat...

I haven't done HTMX fragments yet. This repository is quite new, and only like 5% done.

hatefulheart

3 months ago

1 reply

Hey,

Thanks for your response. I didn’t explain myself properly.

Suppose I have a html template that contains the dynamic value {{ foo }}, that template is on my SQLDB, how do I populate {{ foo }} whilst querying the template table?

I hope that makes more sense.

sivers

3 months ago

1 reply

Ah, sorry. I misunderstood. The parser for Mustache templates - https://mustache.github.io/ - is in the PostgreSQL functions.

See it in practice here in the unit tests:

https://github.com/sivers/sivers/blob/master/omni/test/templ...

https://github.com/sivers/sivers/blob/master/omni/test/must_...

It comes from these three functions, but really only using the top-level "o.template" function:

https://github.com/sivers/sivers/blob/master/omni/template.s...

https://github.com/sivers/sivers/blob/master/omni/must_templ...

https://github.com/sivers/sivers/blob/master/omni/must_secti...

I'm using it for https://nownownow.com/ and https://my.nownownow.com/ already. Example test:

https://github.com/sivers/sivers/blob/master/nnn/test/mynow-...

hatefulheart

3 months ago

Thank you very much!

jdmoreira

3 months ago

3 replies

Hi Derek!

It's not new, my first job circa 2007 was working on a Delphi 7 desktop application and all the "business logic" was stored procedures in an Oracle db. It was early in my career but I believe this was fairly popular in the early 00s. I was too young to have an opinion but for sure others will remember and be able to add more colour to it.

Nice seeing you around here! I'm a fan.

sivers

3 months ago

2 replies

Thanks! I do often get "YOU IDIOT!" type comments from people that did too many Oracle stored procedures in the 90s, and were burned by it.

But PostgreSQL is not Oracle and doing things this way has been working wonderfully for me for 9 years so far.

ako

3 months ago

1 reply

Oracle has a nice way to bundle stores procedures in packages, which makes large amounts of stored procedures manageable. So still ahead of Postgres, but Postgres is definitely good enough.

sirtaj

3 months ago

1 reply

Asking from ignorance - are schemas not enough to replicate this most of the way? What are the extra nice to haves that would bring PG on par with Oracle here?

ako

3 months ago

With packages you can group stored procedures, stored functions, types and variables in logical bundles. Easier to install and understand.

whizzter

3 months ago

1 reply

I haven't had the "pleasure" to work with stored procedures,etc but from conversations the main takeaways seems to be:

1: cooperation, nowadays database instances are cheaper and with Docker we can spin them up but having them shared doesn't feel like a fun thing when developing (triggers more than stored procedures here)

2: version control, kinda ties to the above but being able to keep track of changes (and related then to code being out of sync even if that would matter less in a application-less world)

3: debugging in general ?

4: debuging "spooky effects at a distance" when triggers,etc run.

What's your take on these?

qr1pt0

3 months ago

> 2: version control, kinda ties to the above but being able to keep track of changes.

We dont use stored procedures at work, but all other database changes like tables, triggers etc. are committed to git and deployed using github actions. There's no need to run the sql manually

miroljub

3 months ago

There's nothing wrong with it. Stored procedures, Java, Delphi, Ruby, Python, or whatever can be considered as a business logic layer separated from the data storage. Similarly, you consider your Python controller business layer separate from the web UI frontend.

And if you complain that stored procedure language is not so versatile for the business logic, remember that people have been using far worse languages for that, like COBOL, MUMPS, ColdFusion, ...

data_marsupial

3 months ago

In my first proper job, I worked with an accounting system in 2014/2015 that was a .NET GUI client that directly called SQL Server stored procedures. There was a bundled WMS that did the same thing. IIRC the requests were sent directly to the database and were authenticated with the client user's details.

I was a data analyst and had full access to the database for reporting and data import/export purposes. I had a lot of fun browsing through the stored procedures, which were not locked down or encrypted in any way, and figuring out how it all worked.

I even fixed a bug with a custom module that was causing huge stock valuation errors (I can't believe I even did this now) and also created my own automated order import procedure by monitoring the procedures used by the client's order import screen. Possibly invalidating warranties and support contracts etc. but no problems came of it. They even tried to rehire me a few years later.

arunaugustine

3 months ago

For someone who wants to tread this path, using postgreSQL stored procedures in a team settings, what would be a good dev workflow in a team. Update them in git and use a CI to update the DB etc? Is there some tips that you can share on that?

RollAHardSix

3 months ago

1 reply

This is great stuff. I fell away from web dev for a very long time because I have always been a developer who focused on building from the database first and outwards while using very light amounts of business logic. This feels very old web and I encourage others to try this approach. The lightweightedness of the approach is the beauty of it and you will get much, much better at your database language of choice.

sivers

3 months ago

1 reply

Thanks! And yeah the other inspiration is that in the last 27 years of making web apps, I've gone from PHP to Ruby to JavaScript back to Ruby, considered switching to Go or Elixir, but my PostgreSQL database was at the center of it all, throughout.

So it makes sense to notice what's constant, what's ever-changing, and organize accordingly.

derwiki

3 months ago

3 replies

OOC how did you land on PostgreSQL 27 years ago? That’s before I was doing this sort of thing but 7 years later MySQL definitely seemed like the “no one got fired for choosing..” option.

PS been a big fan of your writing over the years and it’s a little intimidating to just respond to one of your posts asking a silly question haha

zem

3 months ago

1 reply

my vague memories of ~2000 were that postgres was acknowledged as the way to go if you wanted to do it right, but mysql would let you get set up quickly and easily so you could get on with your actual application, and postgres had the reputation of being harder to set up and administer

bigiain

3 months ago

Same memories here. In the late 90s I chose MySQL over Postgres, at the time for its speed and replication. And at least partly because I got to talk with Monty Widenius at an Open Source Conference (or perhaps even a Perl Conference) in the late 90s about replication, and asked how hard it'd be to make replication use SSL - and he sent me a beta MySQL version with that implemented a few days later. So I had a quite serious "feel good" reason for using MySQL. In the subsequent 5-10 years or so I regretted not choosing Postgres instead over it's stored procedure handling, but we had way to much deeply embedded MySQL tech and skill by then which made switching always end up on the too hard list.

jasonwatkinspdx

3 months ago

As someone that was kicking around back then, PostgreSQL was seen as more of a proper database, but MySQL was both faster and came with batteries included replication. Those really motivated its mass adoption with LAMP style stacks vs PostgreSQL.

Some years down the road however this was changing. PostgreSQL began to catch up in terms of simple performance, but also MySQL stumbled on transitioning into a multicore world, while PostgreSQL scaled better due to some of the hard work already being done in the architecture. Additionally we got an included replication option, as well as all the main PaaS vendors providing automation around it. So MySQL's previous advantages became less compelling.

And today, hardware is so incredibly capable that just scaling vertically on a single server is totally viable for a ton of apps. For this swath of the market, just running PostgreSQL has become a bit of a no brainer in the way that MySQL was during the peak of LAMP.

sivers

3 months ago

Thanks! Robert Kaye - founder of MusicBrainz : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MusicBrainz

He is a friend and much smarter than me. He told me to switch from MySQL to PostgreSQL. I'm so glad he did.

jppope

3 months ago

Echos of the old web. Feels great to see this posted here

irarelycomment

3 months ago

This is great read with examples of running some business logic on the database: https://theartofpostgresql.com/

novoreorx

3 months ago

Business logics in PostgresSQL? Impressive, never think of using it this way but it looks actually pretty good! Last time I saw similar concept is at https://spacetimedb.com/ , maybe one day PostgresSQL can do the same, since it's already powerful enough to support web apps this way.

4ndrewl

3 months ago

This is how we used to do it in the Olden Days with business logic in stored procedures.

It's really hard to debug and incredibly difficult to build out automated testing, controlled releases etc.

jopsen

3 months ago

I can totally see how this is attractive.

But I personally find SQL and triggers/stored procedures to have:

- Horrible syntax - Poor LSP support and poor auto complete - poor debugging experiences, error reporting, etc.

I kind of wish someone would make a better syntax with better LSP tooling and solid auto-complete. Geared compiling application logic into databases. I would personally love to see tooling for compatibility analysis too.

It always feels weird that app logic and database are two completely different languages.

sockbot

3 months ago

See Postgrest for a project similar in spirit.

https://docs.postgrest.org/en/v13/

cpursley

3 months ago

Thanks, Derek - Postgres is enough! Your article years ago really put on the “use the database” path - that post is the first in this gist:

https://gist.github.com/cpursley/c8fb81fe8a7e5df038158bdfe0f...

luis_cho

3 months ago

I was working in ASP.NET when projects like Backbone.js, Knockout, and Angular started to pop up. They were trying to address issues on mainstream tech at that moment (compilation times vs. hot reload, avoid full-page reloads). There was a lot of criticism around the use of JavaScript in the server back then.

Now I see the opposite. Web standards can solve the full reload page problem, so it's time to rethink if we still need to manage state in the client, with all the complexity that this involves.

The biggest issue for me it’s the division between backend and Frontend roles. I like to do both, but lately I’m doing backend. It changes a lot how we do things, refinements are mostly to create contracts between the Frontend and backend tasks, we’re they should focus on business use cases.

ptman

3 months ago

Postgrest/supabase, prest or similar

jsumrall

3 months ago

Lukas Eder has a nice presentation arguing the same point: https://www.jug.ch/events/slides/180612_SQL_Algorithms.pdf

I have recalled over the years this quote from his presentation: "Your app is sitting on a Ferrari-style computation engine!"

apgwoz

3 months ago

And here I am doing this as a joke (https://sigusr2.net/serving-traffic-directly-from-sqlite.htm...)…

renegat0x0

3 months ago