American Heart Association Says Melatonin May Be Linked to Serious Heart Risks
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The American Heart Association released a statement suggesting a potential link between melatonin use and heart risks, but the study's methodology and conclusions are heavily criticized by commenters, who point out issues with correlation vs. causation and the study's reliance on prescription data.
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Sleep aid melatonin is shipped in pills containing ridiculous amounts of the stuff—I’ve seen 10, 12, and 20mg myself, Amazon has a 40mg fast dissolve and 60mg gummies.
This spikes your blood amount with 100x-1000x of your natural cycle of melatonin. Why? Because melatonin is not, repeat not, the signaling molecule that makes you sleepy. It responds to light levels and triggers the cascade of other molecules that make you sleepy, several hours after it peaks. So that's why the 100x overdose—you are trying to kick those secondary mechanisms into overdrive, “hey everyone it is black as the abyss of hell I guess we gotta sleep!!”, because Americans taking melatonin want to pop one just before bed and have it knock them out.
And it does that for like 2 or 3 days before your body starts down-regulating all of its sensitivities to those melatonin byproducts. Nerve cells like to be tickled, not zapped, when you shock them like this they react angrily.
You want to use melatonin to reinforce circadian rhythm and fight jet lag, you do it with amounts in the ~100 micrograms range, slow release if you can find it, and you take that at sunset and let it reinforce your normal cycle. If you're looking for an acute sleep aid, take a walk, get fresh air, drink water, and if those don't help pop a Benadryl/Unisom (it's the same drug either way). If you have doctor’s orders of course follow those, but if you're just trying to self-medicate that’s how you do it.
Absolutely unsurprising that punching your sleep apparatus in the gut once every day for five years increases some sort of stress on your heart.
Often kids sleep tablets are better. Also kids chewable gummies can be cut in half to get an effective dosage. I've not found a good long release version of those.
The other useful thing I learned is that melatonin isn't primarily involved in falling asleep, its main function as a hormone is in staying asleep. I've started taking it sporadically if I wake up in the middle of the night, to make sure I get back to a deep sleep and stay there, and it seems to be super effective for this.
People look at multivitamins and think “more is better”. Unfortunately they are stuffed with ingredients that can’t be absorbed well together, but do result in higher sales…
Don’t do that.
Tangentially, I'm reminded of this interview around ~31m.
TL;DR they found something that promoted deeper sleep, but people didnt necessary feel "well rested", and so it was shelved for something that subjectively improved sleep but actually reduced the quality of sleep.
https://youtu.be/UWhk2LMDwCc?t=31m
Are you sure about this? Everything I can find says Benadryl is diphenhydramine, and Unisom is doxylamine. (Both linked to increased dementia risk, for what it's worth.)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H1_antagonist#First-generation...
For the low dose melatonin, Life Extension brand sells patented MicroActive formula of fast release/slow release melatonin in a 1.5mg dosage and a 6 hour time released 300mcg version. It's a quality brand and those are the dosage ranges I would recommend sticking around.
I have seen the insanely high 30mg+ amounts being sold and that's ridiculous. If you need that much, there's other factors going on. I would look into reducing caffeine intake, doing proper sleep hygiene (google it), and talk to a doctor/get a referral to a sleep specialist if it's an ongoing thing.
But, also look into l-theanine, glycine/magnesium glycinate, valerian root extract, passionflower, lemon balm and things of that sort for occasional sleeplessness or trouble falling asleep. (Visit examine.com & ergo-log.com and search for these ingredients on there to see all the references, how they work, and for more info.)
Natural isn't necessarily better, but I would recommend those any day over Z drugs, antihistamines and a lot of other rx sleep drugs. Make sure you're buying a quality brand though.
Finally, please don't give melatonin to children...
Parents give kids more melatonin than ever, with unknown long-term effects https://arstechnica.com/health/2025/04/melatonin-for-kids-sa...
I also thought this was the case, but everything I've seen suggests that taking melatonin does not alter the natural production of melatonin.
You are correct about everything else though.
Similar inefficacies have been seen clinically e.g. in [3] and are (caution, anecdata) widespread on the internet, with "melatonin doesn't work" being a popular search term with tons of articles about it. An honest to goodness test seems to have been done at [4] where they made sleep disturbance symptoms "disappear" by resuming treatment at a lower dosage, but instead of blaming the neurons they are blaming the liver, saying that it got overloaded and couldn't clear melatonin out of the bloodstream anymore in some patients—I just want to include that as a plausible alternative explanation so that you don't take my words as gospel truth or anything. I’m trained as a physicist, not a physician, and there is this meme of people with physics degrees thinking that everybody else’s field is their expertise and like I want to be deliberately self conscious about my limitations here.
[1]: PDF Warning: https://www.herbogeminis.com/revista/IMG/pdf/melatonin-adhd....
[2]: https://academic.oup.com/sleep/article-abstract/33/12/1605/2...
[3]: https://www.psychiatrist.com/jcp/effects-exogenous-melatonin...
[4]: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20576063/
From streetlights everywhere, emergency vehicles blasting sirens at all hours, trains blasting horns (miles away but are still audible), its no surprise that Americans are struggling to sleep if this is your environment.
Melatonin isn't going to fix that.
After 1-3mg, you’re doing yourself a disservice.
At least, for sleep purposes. I cannot comment on its use as an antioxidant.
Yes, the way Michael Grandner explains it in this podcast[0], melatonin is an ancient molecule that signals, "it is dark." If you give it to nocturnal species, it wakes them up!
[0] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AQF_eopP1ys
These TriNetX studies are usually garbage because they’re entirely dependent on how accurate/up-to-date the medical record is.
The comparison between the US and UK probably leads to two issues - US users use way too much melatonin and swamp heart disease signal, while UK patients prescribed melatonin probably have significant sleep derangement (consider how much effort it takes to get prescribed something for sleep - you need to schedule an appointment, convince your doctor, go to the pharmacy, etc)
Source: https://www.nytimes.com/2025/11/05/well/melatonin-heart-heal...
Maybe.
It'd be far more interesting if they could exclude folks who used either as a sleep aid, but I'm not sure how realistically you could find any.
You should instead design the study so it doesn't need massaging afterwards.
Having said that, it doesn't necessarily make it dangerous. But, like myself and others have said in this post, please do take your dosage into consideration, as well as whether you're using it on a daily basis, as there are other things that could be preventing you from falling asleep/staying asleep that may be better addressed by a doctor, such as sleep apnea, as you mentioned.
Association studies too easily get interpreted as X causes Y. Maybe that's true, but not necessarily.
https://www.abc.net.au/news/2025-09-29/tga-safety-concerns-o...
and are now recommending not to buy online because the doses are completely unregulated. They even reached out to companies like iHerb and asked them not to sell to Australians.
So, whatever dose you think you're taking, assume it's a bit of a guesstimate...
Regular exercise and a consistent sleep routine (cardio, weight lifting, going to bed early, and waking up early) has been more effective for me.
According to my fitbit, my average sleep duration is 6hr 30min over the last 2 years, down from 7hr30. When I wake up, there's no going back.
The biggest contributor to my reduction in sleep is my job, which in the last few years added stack ranking and by-annual performance reviews which requires daily book keeping of my "company impact".
I also got an echo-cardiogram last week (unrelated) and it came back in top shape (have a calcium score test coming up). Not saying melatonin isn't a risk for cardio health, but as a male in his early 30s with a family history of heart disease, nothing seems to indicate an increase in damage in my case.
The problem here is that they compared people who were already sick enough to need long-term melatonin prescriptions with those who weren’t. That’s not testing melatonin’s effects, it’s just showing that people with serious health problems (like chronic insomnia, depression, or anxiety) tend to have worse outcomes. And surprise, those same conditions are already known to increase heart risks.
Here’s the kicker: in the US, melatonin is over-the-counter. So their "non-melatonin" group probably included plenty of people using it anyway (they just didn’t have a prescription on record).
No info on doses, no explanation of how it might actually cause heart issues, and it’s not even peer-reviewed, it's just a conference abstract. Even the AHA expert they quoted sounds pretty skeptical (but of course, the press release still makes it sound like melatonin is the villain).
Honestly, if you wanted to design a study that would produce misleading results, you’d do exactly this: use observational data, ignore selection bias, and skip adjusting for how severe people’s conditions were. The real takeaway is that people with chronic insomnia have worse health. Groundbreaking stuff (not), applause.
Also in the article it mentions that they focus only on groups that have already been prescribed the medication or have diagnosed insomnia or other heart related issues so if you are fully healthy and take it from time to time to recover sleep or change a timezone(when travelling) it might be okay for single time use(I am not a doctor).
I've never met a pill popper that got up earpy for a run, had a solid active day routine and went offline after 7pm. Their solution is to remain sedentary and take a drug. No wonder their hearts are messed up.
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